不定式与动名词的区别.docVIP

动词不定式和动名词是英语非谓语动词的两个重要部分 一、作主语 1、不定式作主语 ：动词不定式可直接用作主语, 句子的谓语动词常用单数。 To get there by bike will take us half an hour. 对于主语较长的不定式，可以用it作形式主语。例如： Its our duty to take good care of the old. How long did it take you to finish the work It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour. It seemed impossible to save money. Its kind of you to help me with my English. 2、动名词作主语：动名词也可直接用作主语，或者用it 作形式主语。例如： Learning without practice is no good. Its no good reading in dim light. Its no use sitting here waiting. Its dangerous swimming in the sea in windy days. There is no saying what will happen next. 3、动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别 (1) 不定式作主语经常表示具体动作，或者表示将要进行的动作。而动名词作主语经常表示抽象的一般性的动作。例如：Its no good for you to eat so much fat. (有具体的人for you) Its no good eating too much fat. (泛指) (2) 不定式的逻辑主语常用of, for 表示；动名词逻辑主语则常用物主代词、名词、代词表示。例如：It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says. (of you) Its no use your pretending that you didnt know the rules. (your) The doctor suggested them having their health check-up once a year. 二、作宾语 1、不定式作宾语 (1) 以下动词后, 一般只用不定式作宾语.如:agree, attempt ，apply，ask, aim, arrange, beg，choose, decide, demand, expect, fail , help, hope, lean, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish afford等。I decided to ask for my money back. I decided that I would ask for my money back. When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot. When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that we would start back on foot. (2) 不定式可 先用it 做形式宾语。 We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well. He feels it his duty to help the poor. 2、动名词作宾语 (1) 以下动词后, 一般只用动名词作宾语, 如:admit, appreciate, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, save, suggest, dont mind, give up, insist, on, put off 等。I suggest spending our summer vacation in a seaside town. You must give up smoking, for it does too much harm to your health. (2) 介词后只能接动名词做宾语 I should