货车上心盘有限元分析及疲劳寿命估算-车辆工程专业论文.docxVIP

北京交通大学硕士学位论文 北京交通大学硕士学位论文 摘要 Y 586035 摘要 货车上心盘是主要承载部件，直接关系到货车运行的安全和经济效 益，疲劳是上心盘最主要的失效方式之一。目前关于上心盘疲劳问题的分 析，主要通过试验来验证，这样就造成人力和物力的巨大消耗。而采用数 值模拟方法对上心盘应力分布和寿命进行计算可以大大缩短设计周期、降 低费用，对行车安全和经济效益都有重要意义。 现有的上心盘模型与上心盘实际工作条件有较大差距，本文采用 AAR载荷谱，重新确定了模型的边界条件，改进了加载方式，使用ANSYS 软件对ZG25和c级钢上心盘进行了弹塑性计算，使分析结果更可靠。同 时根据应变寿命理论编制了疲劳寿命估算软件，并根据计算结果进行了疲 劳寿命估算。结果表明，上心盘的疲劳寿命主要决定于中等幅度载荷，而 出现概率小的大载荷和小载荷对疲劳损伤的影响很小，疲劳寿命的分析结 果与实际运用情况基本吻合。在AAR载荷谱下，估算的C级钢上心盘的 疲劳寿命比ZG25上心盘的疲劳寿命有较大幅度提高，为推广C级钢上一巴 盘提供了理论上的依据。 论文中提出的有限元分析模型具有新意，编制的疲劳寿命计算软件可 以较好的解决疲劳寿命的估算问题，具有一定的理论意义和使用价值，可 以对今后的车辆及其零部件的寿命分析和设计提供一些有益参考。 关键词：上心盘弹塑性疲劳寿命估算有限元分析 拳净4÷：青、爵姊蝎髓 聋+筝茸夸f∥ 北京交通大学硕匕学位论文 北京交通大学硕匕学位论文 摘要 Abstract 、 The upper center plate on freight car,which is one of the chiefly toad·bearing components，plays a very important part in the transport safety of freight car．Fatigue crack is one of the most common failure modes of the upper center plate Up tO now,the analysis of the fatigue life of the upper center plate is tested and verified mainly,SO that both labor power and resource must be consumed hugely．Adopting the numerical methods tO gain the stress distribution and the fatigue life will CUt the design cycle and cost greatly,SO it is significant for both the transport safety and economg Based on the previous work，the improved model on how tO decide the boundary condition and how to apply the load is presented，and the upper center plates made of ZG25 and C steel are analyzed with application of the elasto—plasticity finite element method in ANSYS software under the AAR load spectrum．Meanwhile，a program is developed for the fatigue life estimation according tO the strain—fatigue theory,and the fatigue life based on the analysis result is estimated．It is proved that the fatigue life mainly depends on the middle load，not the large and the small load．The result is coincidence with the practice service experience．The life of C—steel upper center plate is much longer than the ZG25 one．And the theory support for apply the C·steel upper center p