when while as since引导时间状语从句的区别.pptxVIP

when，while，as，since 引导时间状语从句的区别;一、when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。 ① Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词） 你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ ; ① Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already？ （get为短暂性动词） 你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ ②The students took notes as they listened． （listen为延续性动词）学生们边听课边做笔记。 ; 二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 ;1．从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 ①When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest． （finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 ②When I got to the airport，the guests had left． （got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 ;2．从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。 ①When ／While ／As we were dancing，a stranger came in． （dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 ②When ／While ／As she was making a phonecall，I was writing a letter． （make为延续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 ;3．当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示“随着……”；“一边……，一边……”之意。  ① As the time went on，the weather got worse．（as表示“随着……”之意） ;② The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases． 随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。 ③ As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer． 随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。 ④ The little girls sang as they went． 小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。 ;4．在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句必须用一般时代替将来时。 ①When the manager comes here for a visit next week，I’ll talk with him about this． 下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。 ;三、when用于表示“一……就……”的句型中（指过去的事情）。 sb．had hardly / scarcely done sth．when．．． ＝Hardly ／ Scarcely had sb．done sth．when．．． ;我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。 I had hardly ／scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door． ＝Hardly ／ Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door．;四、since引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句 动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是终止性动词，都表示动作或状态的结束，但汉语意思不同，这—点在理解时要特别注意。;1．若since引导的状语从句的谓语是终止性动词的过去时，则从句表示的时间是“从动作开始的那一时刻起”。 例如：?? He has studied very hard since he came to our school.自从他来到我们学校，他学习就非常努力。?? We have been missing them since they left here自从他们离开这里，我们就一直很想念他们。?? ;?? 2．若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是