把短暂性动词转换为延续性词方法.doc

现在完成时句中有关延续性词问题 平和六中 曾五龙 当现在完成时句中有for或since短语时，或how long问句中，谓语动词就必须使用延续性词！ 如： = 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I have bought a pen .我已经买了一根钢笔了。 → I have had a pen for two hours. 我已经买了一根钢笔两小时了。 (这里不能用bought(买) 而要换had(拥有)，因为，‘两小时’里可以‘拥有’，却不能‘买’)。 = 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②How long has she been away ?(不能说：How long has she left ？)她离开多久了？ 把短暂性动词转换为延续性词方法举例如下： 一、把短暂性动词转换为延续性动词 ① buy购买→have拥有； ② borrow借来 → keep保管； ③ put on穿上 → wear穿着； ④ catch/get a cold 得了感冒→ have a cold感冒着； ⑤ get to know认识上 → know认识(一种状态）； ⑥ lose 丢了→ not have 不拥有； ⑦ start/begin to do sth.开始做某事 → do sth.做某事 = 8 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑧ fall asleep/get to sleep 入睡 →sleep睡着(zhe)/ be asleep睡着的(形容词) 二、把短暂性动词转换为：be + 非动词(词组) ① finish/end结束 → be over结束(副词) begin开始 → be on在进行(副词) ② close关上 → be closed 关着的(形容词) open打开 → be open开着的(形容词) die 死→ be dead死的(形容词) marry结婚 → be married结好婚的(形容词) ③ arrive at/in = get to = reach 到达 → be in/at/on 在...(介词短语) （如：arrive at school = get to school= reach school→be at school; arrive at Zhangzhou = get to Zhangzhou = reach Zhangzhou →be in Zhangzhou ; arrive at the farm = get to the farm= reach the farm →be on the farm ） come to 来到= go to去到 = move to搬去→ be in/at/on 在...(介词短语) arrive here = get here = reach here到达这里 → be here 在这里 arrive there = get there = reach there到达那里 → be there 在这里 arrive home = get home = reach home到达家里 → be at home在家里 ④ come back回来 = go back 回去= return 回来→ be back回来(副词)； come/go out 出来/去→ be out出来/去(副词)； get up 起床→ be up起来(副词)； leave 离开 → be away from 远离(副词+介词)； ⑤ become变成 → be是(一种状态）； ⑥ have gone to 已经去了→ have been in已经在 ⑦ join the league/ the Party/ the army 入团/入党/参军 → be a league member/ a Party member/ a soldier是团员/党员/士兵 = 8 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑧ → be a member of the league/the Party 是团员/党员 → be in the league/the Party/the army在团里/党里/军队里 按要求把短暂性动词转换为延续性词的练习 A. He got to Beijing five minutes ago. He ________ _________ ________