Module 9《Unit2 Witnessing time》（Grammar）（牛津译林版）.PPT

现在分词与过去分词的两大差别 1、现在分词与过去分词的最大差别在于语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。 2、现在分词与过去分词的第二大差别在时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。 何为主动关系、被动关系？ He hurt his leg badly. 主动关系：主语与谓语之间的词语搭配关系，即主谓关系。 被动关系：宾语与谓语之间的词语搭配关系，即动宾关系。 把握主、被动关系的前提 能熟练判断分词的逻辑主语。即明白与哪个词去判断主、被动关系。 分 词 的 逻 辑 主 语 分词的逻辑主语的位置不是固定不变的, 而是“活”的-----随着分词所作语法成分的不同，其逻辑主语位置也不同，所以确定逻辑主语前首先要确定分词的语法成分。 1 作状语时 Seeing the teacher come in, all the students stood up. Heated, the metal expands. 分词作状语,其逻辑主语是句子主语。 2 作宾补时 I saw him reading last night. His wife found his hair dyed black. 分词作宾补，其逻辑主语是句子宾语。 5 用于复合结构中时（即在独立主格中与with复合结构中） With the task completed, we went out to take some fresh air. It being Sunday, they had no classes. 分词用于复合结构，逻辑主语是复合结构中的主语 11._____ rapidly by the body, sugar provides a quick energy source. A. Digested B. Digesting C. To digest D. Having digested 12.The eighteen-storeyed building, when _____,will shut out the sun ______ up the rooms in my house. A. completed; lighted B. completing; lighting C. completing; lighted D. completed; lighting 13.The special medicine for the disease was difficult to find though _______ everywhere. A. sought B. having sought C. being sought D. having been sought 14. With you ______ by, I can’t say any more. stand B. stood C. standing D. to stand 15.Taking this kind of medicine, if __, will surely produce side effect. A. continue B. having continued C. continuing D. continued 16. ______ the answer, Tom, who asked the question, still stood with his hand ____. A. Giving, raised B. Given , raised C. Given, risen D. Giving, rising 17.With winter_____on, its time to buy warm clothes. A. came B. comes C. come D. coming 18. ______the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building. A. Having shown B. Showing C. Has shown D. Having been shown 19.The wallet ____ several days ago was found _____