高中英语状语从句讲解及练习(含答案).docx

-- -- 状语从句 状语从句在句中作状语，可分为：时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。 一、 时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有： when, as, while, until, not ?until, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first) time 等。时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过 去时。 1． When , while, as 都可解释为“当 ```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。 1) When Eg: When I arrived home , I had a little rest. 注意点： when 从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是 be 动词时，从句主语和 Eg: When (she was) walking along the street, she met her class teacher. 2) As As 除了表示“当 ```的时候”，还可表示为“一面 ``` 一面”，“随着” Eg: He sang as he danced.(一面 ```一面 ) You will grow wiser as you grow older.( 随着 ) 3) While 表示“当 ``` 的时候” 强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，  be 可以省略。 从句一般用进行时， 从句动词必须是延续性动词。 Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest. While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused. 注意点： while 有对比的含义，解释为“然而” 。 eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee. 2． until, not ? until 表示“直到 ```才” ,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句 常用短暂性动词。 肯定句： I waited until midnight. 否定句： I did not leave until midnight. 注意点： 1） not until 在?句首，主句用倒装 eg: Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it. 2) It is not until ? that ?引导的强调句 It was not until it was dark that he came back. 3. the minute, the moment, each time 都可表示“一 ``` 就 ```” eg: The worker recognized the type of the machine the moment he saw it. 注意点： the minute, the moment, each ( every, next, the first) time 作连词不和 when 连用。 4． Hardly/scarcely ? when, no sooner ? than, as 表soon示为as“一 ```就 ``` ” eg: I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. It began to rain as soon as I got home. 注意点： Hardly/scarcely ?when, no sooner ?than位于句首，主句用倒装 eg: Had I hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 二 条件状语从句 条件状语从句分为两大类： 真实条件句和虚拟条件句。 引导条件状语从句的连词有： if, even if/though, unless/ if ? not, as long as/ so long as, as far as/so farovided/providingas, (that), on condition that 等。条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。 unless 和 if ? not unless 相当于 if ? not eg: You will fail unless you