黄土湿陷性对西安地裂缝影响的研究-环境工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 地裂缝是西安市主要的环境地质灾害问题。关于西安地裂缝产生的成因机制 的研究，对合理有效地防治和减轻地裂缝灾害具有重要的现实意义。西安地裂缝 的成因复杂，目前普遍认为是西安地裂缝活动方式和强度主要受临潼一长安断裂 所控制，而近期地裂缝活动加剧的主要原因是由于过量抽取地下水引起的地面不 均匀沉降，特别是地裂缝两侧的垂直差异沉降所导致的。丽对西安地区黄土的湿 陷性对地裂缝活动的影响，目前研究的较少。 本文通过比较、分析西安城市黄土的湿陷类型、湿陷等级分区与西安地区地 裂缝平面分布以及活动强度之间的关系，认为西安地区的地裂缝与该地区黄土的 湿陷性之间有着很强的对应关系，二者均有东强西弱、南强北弱的活动特征，这 说明西安地区的黄土湿陷性与地裂缝的活动呈正相关性。 通过进行一定的参数假设，本文建立了关于考虑在地表水沿裂缝渗入土体的 条件下，计算地裂缝下盘一定范围内土体发生湿陷变形的公式，同时将湿陷变形 量反映到地表，近似等效于地裂缝两侧的地表在一定范围内发生的不均匀沉陷变 形量，这种不均匀沉陷变形叠加到地裂缝的变形活动中，就会加剧了地裂缝的活 动破坏性。 最后，本文对西安地裂缝灾害的防治措旌进行了一些简单的探讨。 关键词：地裂缝；湿陷性；不均匀沉陷 AbstractGround Abstract Ground fissure is the main environment disaster in Xi、an city construction． Researching the mechanism of Xi’an Ground fissures has an important purport to protect and lighten the disaster effectively．Influence factors of Xi、an ground fissures movement very complicated．Now,many researchers believe that the movement mode and intensity of the ground fissures are mainly controlled by the Lintong-Chang’an fault and the ground subsidence caused by excessively pumping ground water，especially the differential subsidence on both sides of the ground fissure is the major reason of．intense movement of ground fissures at present．But there is few research on the collapsibility of loess affect to the ground fissures． In this paper,the relationships among the collapse grade and style of loess and the distribution and action intensity of the ground fissures are analyzed．And there is strong homologous relation between the collapsibility of loess and the movement of the ground fissures．They have common characters that moving on the east part of the city is m0鹏intensity than that of west part，moving on the south part of the city is more intensity than that of north part．These characters show that there is positive relativity between the ground fissures and the collapsibility of loess． In this paper,considering the action of the surface water filtering along the fissures，the numeration formula about the amount of collapse on both sides of