主要定性研究工具.课件.pptVIP

Philosophical Assumptions with Implications for Practice ( Creswell, 1998, 75) Assumption Question Characteristics Implications for Practice (Examples) Ontological What is the nature of reality? Reality is subjective and multiple, as seen by participants in the study Research uses quotes and themes in words of participants and provides evidences of difference perspectives Epistemological What is the relationship between the researcher and that being researched? Research attempts to lessen distance between himself/herself and that being researched Research collaborates, spends time in field with participants, and becomes an “insider” Axiological What is the role of values? Researcher acknowledges that research is value laden and that biased are present Research openly discusses values that shaped the narrative and includes own interpretation in conjunction with interpretation of participants Rhetorical What is the language of research? Researcher writes in a literary, informal style using the personal voice and uses qualitative terms and limited definitions Research uses an nagging style of narrative, may use first-person pronoun, and employs the language of qualitative research Methodological What is the process of research? Research uses inductive logic, studies the topic within its context, and uses an emerging design Research works with particulars (details) before generalizations, describes in detail the context of the study, and continually revises questions from experiences in the field 以上迁改数量均为施工图评审确定的数量，项目具体内容详见相关设计图纸。乙方需按批准施工图完成各杆线线路及设施安装、征地及青苗补偿、验收资料等工作。 主要定性研究工具 2006年10月28日 定性研究的主要研究工具 传记研究 现象学研究 扎根理论研究 民族志学研究 案例分析 政策研究 行动研究 传记研究的特点（based on the cases in Creswell’s book (2003)) 集中在单个个体 从对话中收集数据 回忆生活中的重要细节和特殊事件 把这些重要的生活细节和社会内容（social context）相联系 作者对人物故事的解释 现象研究 仔细阅读所有的描述 从每一个描述中提炼出重要的表述 把这些表述转化成特别的意思 从这些意思中提炼出主题 把这些主题写进陈述报告中 现象研究的过程 介绍研究topic 相关文献综述 建立 Conceptual framework of model 研究方法 数据收集和分析 结论 民族志研究 民族志研究研究文化现象 (Gephart , 1998) 民族志研究的报告应该是中立的，