八级冲刺英语翻译及汉译英讲座.pptVIP

Part One C-E Translation(汉译英） 第一章 汉译英概论 第一节 汉译英的要求： 1) 能运用汉译英的理论和技巧，翻译我国报刊杂志上的文章和一般文学作品。速度为每小时250-300个汉字。 2) 译文必须忠实原意，语言通顺流畅。 例1. 我们应该抢时间赶任务。 Version A: It is better for us to hurry in our work so as to fulfill what we are assigned to do ahead of time. Version B: We should work against the clock. 例2. 孩子们看电视过多会大大损坏视力。 Version A: If children see too much TV programmes, it will do a lot of harm to their eyesight. Version B: Too much exposure to TV programmes will do great harm to the eyesight of children. 第二节 汉译英的特点 1. 汉译英理解相对较易，英译汉理解较难。 1)字面义和实质义往往有很多的差距。 干脆＝又干又脆？ 横七竖八＝横着七个竖着八个？ To lie this way and that/ to spread all across in confusion/ in disorder/ at random 态度冷若冰霜 as cold as ice and frost/ icy manners 2) 汉译英的断句是个难点，汉语形散意连，断句不如英语那样严格。 例3. 中国的主要人口是农民，革命靠了农民的援助才取得了胜利，国家工业化又靠农民的援助才能成功，所以工人阶级应当积极帮助农民进行土地改革，城市小资产阶级和民族资产阶级也应当赞助这种改革，各民主党派各人们团体更应当采取这种态度。 The peasants form the bulk of China’s population. It was with their help that victory was won in the revolution, and it is again their help that will make the industrialization of the country possible. Therefore, the working class should actively help the peasants carry out the agrarian reform; the urban petty bourgeoisie and national bourgeoisie should also give their support,and still more so should all the democratic parties and people’s organizations. 3) 词语逻辑关系 盲棋 blind chess 盲文 braille 4) 翻译专用法需译者运用广博的知识，再加上对具体背景的了解。 5) 理解政治含义强的词语也是难点。 2. 汉译英理解较易表达较难 拼写错误 时态错误 虚拟语气 对称性表达法易错 虽然…但是 (although) Both…and/ either… or / neither… nor/ not …but 译文风格的把握 虚拟语气的译法 例1： 我们要求他们停止这一损害中国人民的行动。 We demanded that they (should) stop this action that does harm to the Chinese people. 例2: 他们只得服从两天内剃掉胡子的命令。 They had to obey the decree that beards (should) be shaved off within tow days. 例3: 她必须立即派人去请医生。 It is imperative that she (should )send for a doctor at once. 例4: 我们这么多年没见面啦。 过一会你又要走。 你要是能多待一段时间该多好啊。 We haven’t seen each other for years. Now you’re leaving. How nice it would be if you could stay a bit longer. 例5: 我要是你，就会重新考虑要否嫁给他。 If I w