现代英语词汇学概论.doc

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 词汇学考试大纲 判断（10） 选择 （20） 搭配 （10） A.Compound 复合构词法 sit-in 代理，参加 dropout 退学学生 phone-in 听众热线电话直播节目 breakdown 失败 walk-on 跑龙套员 walkout 徒步旅行 take-off 起飞 astray 烟灰缸 a tray for ash moonwalk a walk on the moon B.Deriverd word 派生法 be（= off,from） adj. belittle 贬低 de (=to remove) n. debug 除错 brotherhood 兄弟情义 friendship 友谊 happily C.Converted word 词类转化法 He interned in the Capital He served as an intern in the Capital Hospital.实习生 D.Initialisms 首字母连写法 VIP = for a very important person E.Acronyms 首字母拼音法 TEFL Radar radio detecting and ranging F.Clipped word 略写 ad. (=advertisement) amp(=ampere) plane(=airplane) G.Blend 拼缀词 talk + marathon = talkathon 冗长的演说 medical+care=medicare 医疗保险 H.Back-formation house-sit = house sitter 看管房屋的人 housekeep 自立门户，主持家务 I.Words from proper names china 瓷器 japan 漆器 champagne 香槟 J.Onomatopoeic word 拟声词 K.Reduplication 重叠词 go-go 戈戈舞的 ping-pong 四、名词解释（4，20分） 1、context in its narrowest sense Context in its narrow sense consists of the lexical items that come immediately before and after any word in an act of communication. For instance,the verb make is often used in the sense of constructing something by putting materials together,as in,She made coffee for all of us. I got a letter today. 2、homophones/homographs Words identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning are called homophones. pair,pear son,sun Word identical in spelling but different in sound and meaning are called homographs lead v.n. tear n.v. 3、semantic field （P143） Semantic field theory is concerned with the vocabulary of a language as a system of interrelated lexical networks.The words of a semantic field are joined together by a common concept,and they are likely to have a number of collocation in common. Hence we can see that meaning resides not only in a word itself,but spreads over neighbouring word as well.Only the neighbouring words can identify the semantic field,in w