天津大学工程光学第2章-总结与习题.pptxVIP

第 2 章 总结与习题 专业英语 知识要点 例题 HanQun@TJU 2012年5月28日 13:50:15 1 专业英语 2 1. Some keywords and concepts Principal planes are defined as the loci where refraction is assumed to occur without reference as to where it actually does occur. Principal points are the points where the optical axis intersects principal planes. Focal points/planes (the first~, the second ~ / the object-side ~, the image-side ~) Focal length is the distance from the principal point to the focal point. An on-axial point object at infinity and the second focal point are conjugate. Newton’s lens equations Gauss’s equation HanQun@TJU 2012年5月28日 13:51:14 3 2. Graphical construction HanQun@TJU 2012年5月28日 13:51:16 H F The parallel ray is first parallel to the axis and then, after refraction passes through F’. The focal ray passes through F and then is rendered parallel to the axis. The chief ray goes through the principal point without deviation. H’ F’ 4 3. Magnification Transverse/Lateral ~ is defined as the ratio of image height, y, to object height, y. Axial/Longitudinal ~ is defined as the ratio of a short length, or depth, in the image measured along the axis, to the conjugate length in the object. In the air, it is equal to the square of the transverse magnification. Angular ~ is defined as the ratio of the angle between two conjugate rays and the optical axis, i.e., the ratio of the image-side angle to the object-side angle. The total magnification of a combination of lenses is the product of the magnification of the individual lenses. HanQun@TJU 2012年5月28日 13:51:17 5 4. Nodal points Nodal points are where no refraction occurs. Whenever the refractive indices on either side of the lens are the same, the nodal points coincide with the principal points. If the refractive indices on the two sides of the lens are different, the N points would move away from the principal planes, toward the side of higher index. 2012年5月7日 11:00:20 6 5. Optical power Optical power is the recip