具有庇护所效应的捕食—食饵模型研究-生物学 生态学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

兰州大学博：1j学位论文说，庇护所效应在食饵种群的内禀增长率较小时容易表现为稳定化作用，当然 兰州大学博：1j学位论文 说，庇护所效应在食饵种群的内禀增长率较小时容易表现为稳定化作用，当然 此时捕食者的转化率不宜过大。较大的内禀增长率往往伴随着庇护所效应的不 稳定化作用，或者稳定化作用与不稳定化作用同时发生。庇护所效应的双向作 用在一定条件下可以共现，即随着庇护所效应的逐渐增强，共存平衡点依次由 不稳定变为局部渐近稳定，再由局部渐近稳定变为不稳定。 关键词：捕食一食饵模型；庇护所效应；平衡点；稳定性；稳定化作用； 不稳定化作用 一II— 兰州I大学博：士=学位沦文Abstract 兰州I大学博：士=学位沦文 Abstract The effect of prey refuges on predator-prey models is the frontiers and hotspots in theoretical ecology and mathematical ecology．Generally speaking，the temporal dynamics of the predator and prey populations are modeled by the dynamical equations in which two types of prey refuges(the one is a constant proportion of prey using refuges，the other is a constant number of prey using refuges)is incorporated．The effect of refuges used by prey on the equilibrium densities and the stability properties of the equilibrium points of the considered model are analyzed．many important and meaning achievements have been obtained in the past decades．On the one hand，the effect of prey refuges can increase the equilibrium density of prey population，increase and／or decrease that of predators。increase bom equilibrium densities of PreY and predators under a very restricted set of conditions．On the other hand，the effect of refuges used by prey can increase the stability of the interior equilibrium point of the considered model，that is prey refuges has a stabilizing effect．In this work,increasing of stability refers to cases where the interior equilibrium point changes from being unstable to be locally or globally stable due to the increase of the effect of refuges used by prey population．Prey refuges which protects a constant number of prey have a stronger stabilizing effect on population dynamics than refuges which protects a constant proportion of prey．However,at a comparatively smaller extent,the desta- bihzing effect of prey refuges and discrete-time predator-prey models incorporating prey refuges ale investigated．Motivated by these，in this work,we will incorporate the effec