非理想气体的逸度因子和非理想溶液的活度系数-大学化学-北京大学.PDF

大学化学(Daxue Huaxue) 66 Univ. Chem. 2017, 32 (8), 66－70 August ∙师生笔谈∙ doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201701025 非理想气体的逸度因子和非理想溶液的活度系数 陈飞武* 顾 聪 钱维兰 李旭琴 (北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院，化学与化学工程系，北京100083) 摘要：对单组分非理想气体，推导了它的逸度因子的微分方程式。对多组分非理想气体，推导了各组分 逸度因子满足的微分方程式，定义了一个总逸度因子，并找到了总逸度因子和各组分逸度因子之间的关 系。同样，对非理想溶液，推导了各组分活度系数满足的微分方程式，定义了非理想溶液的总活度系 数，并找到了两者满足的关系。最后分析了逸度因子和活度系数之间的异同点。 关键词：非理想气体；非理想溶液；逸度；逸度因子；活度；活度系数 中图分类号：G64 ；O6 The Fugacity Coefficient of Non-Ideal Gas and Activity Coefficient of Non-Ideal Solution CHEN Fei-Wu* Gu Cong Qian Wei-Lan Li Xu-Qin (Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China) Abstract: A differential equation for the fugacity coefficient of the single-component non-ideal gas is derived. As for the multi-component non-ideal gas, differential forms for each component are also derived. A total fugacity coefficient is defined for this mixed non-ideal gas and its relationship with the fugacity coefficient of each component is obtained. In the similar way, the activity coefficients of each component of the non-ideal solution are derived, a total activity coefficient of the non-ideal solution is defined and its relationship with the activity coefficient of each component is also obtained. Comparisons between the expressions of the fugacity coefficient and activity coefficient are made finally and discussed in details. Key Words: Non-ideal gas; Non-ideal solution; Fugacity; Fugacity coefficient; Activity; Activity coefficient 在物理化学课程中，