电子科技大学计算机操作系统课件Chapter 3 Memory Management.pptVIP

Chapter 3 Memory Management 3.1 Memory Management Requirements (p289) Relocation(重定位) Memory Protection（保护） Memory Sharing（共享） Logical Organization（逻辑组织） Physical Organization（物理组织） Relocation (重定位p290) The processor and OS translate the memory references found in the code of the program into actual physical memory addresses, which reflecting the current location of the program in main memory.(程序代码中地址引用翻译为主存中当前地址的过程) Relocation (p290) Static relocation（静态,一次性重定位） Relocate when compile program or load in program. Dynamic relocation（动态，可多次重定位） Relocate when running program. Contents for relocation(定位内容) Branch instruction（分支指令） Reference to data （数据引用） Memory Protection (p291) Each process should be protected against unwanted interference（访问） by other processes. All memory references generated by a process must be checked（检查） at run time. The memory protection requirement is satisfied（完成） by the processor (hardware) rather than the OS (software). Memory Sharing（共享p291） Share data and code for save(节省) the memory. The memory-management system must allow controlled access to shared areas of memory without compromising（影响） essential protection. Logical Organization（p291） OS should deal with programs in the form of modules(模块) Modules can be written and compiled independently. Different degrees of protection can be given to different modules. It is easy to implement share. E.g. segmentation(分段管理) Physical Organization(p292) Computer memory is organized（组织） into at least two levels, referred to as main memory and secondary memory. Swapping the modules in and out as needed. The programmer does not know how much space will be available or where that space will be. Loading\ Linking (P311) Create a process image(f-7.13) A loading scenario(f-7.14) A loading Scenario (Fig 7.14) Loading　Type(p313) Absolute loading Relocatable loading Dynamic run-time loading Absolute Loading Absolute address（F7.15b）. Always be loaded into the same location. The assignment of specific addres