巨额土砂汇入对和社溪河相演变之影响.pdfVIP

302 中華水土保持學報, 44(4): 302-310 (2013) Journal of Chinese Soil and Water Conservation, 44 (4):302-310 (2013) 巨額土砂匯入對和社溪河相演變之影響 [1] [1] [2]* [1] 陳樹群 施姵瑜 吳俊鋐 趙益群 摘 要 特定之颱風及豪雨事件為和社溪集水區內巨額土砂進入河道造成相關土砂災害之主 要因素；尤以 2009 年莫拉克颱風其間之輸砂量，佔該年總輸砂量之 95.8％最為嚴重。然而， 莫拉克颱風過後並無發生規模較大之颱風及豪雨事件，因此進入和社溪之土砂漸減，使得因土 砂堆積造成之辮狀河川逐漸走向蜿蜒。此外，河川轉折點跟隘口處都會抑止土砂往下游運移並 使土砂集中於此處，間接造成河岸淘刷密度增加 2.5 至 10.5 倍。 關鍵詞：和社溪集水區、巨量土砂脈衝、河川型態。 The Influence of Macro-Sediment from Mountainous Areas on the River Morphology in the Heshe River Su-Chin Chen[1] Pei-Yu Shin[1] Chun-Hung Wu[2]* Yi-Chiung Chao[1] ABSTRACT Macro-sediment impulses induced by particular typhoons and rainstorms are the main reason for serious sediment disasters in the Heshe River. For example, the sediment input during Typhoon Morakot in 2009 which accounted for 95.8% of the annual sediment discharge is the most serious of these disasters. Since Typhoon Morakot, the sediment input has decreased, as there have been less serious typhoons and rainstorms, thus, transforming the river morphology from a braided river into meandering river. In addition, river bends and topographical notches restrain sediment from moving downstream and store it in these locations. These factors have indirectly increased the erosion density of the river banks by 2.5 to 10.5 times. Key Words : Heshe River watershed, macro-sediment impulse, river morphology. 於來砂量增加，大量泥砂淤高河床形成水深較淺且散 一、前 言 亂支流路來消耗水流能量。因此河道開始增加其河 由崩塌產生之巨額土砂進入河道後對下游河道之