用过核燃料深层地下处置场之震後开裂影响分析.pdfVIP

中華水土保持學報, 45(1):67-76 (2014) 67 Journal of Chinese Soil and Water Conservation, 45 (1): 67-76 (2014) 用過核燃料深層地下處置場之震後開裂影響分析 * 張瑞宏 黃偉慶 廖久智 盧建宏 鄭博昇 摘 要 高放射性用過核燃料所產生之長期衰變熱會對生物圈造成極大衝擊，目前國際上多傾向以深層地質 處置作為最終處置之方式。處置過程中，極可能因為地震或地層變動等不可預期之因素，在天然障壁中產生 大形裂縫，由此伴隨的災損效應將會加速障壁之劣化。本研究依據我國深層地質處置的初步設計概念，針對 天然障壁系統長期之熱-水力-力學耦合效應，利用依序耦合分析方法，考慮不同的裂縫尺寸，針對其可能引致 之熱應力與地下水影響進行評估。 關鍵詞：用過核燃料、深層地質處置場、大形裂縫、熱-水力-變形耦合效應。 Impact Analysis of Earthquake-Induced Cracks in Deep Geological Repositories for Nuclear Waste Fuel * Jui-Hung Chang Wei-Hsing Huang Jou-Jih Liao Jen-Hung Lu Bo-Sheng Jeng   ABSTRACT Based on the concept of deep geologic repositories, high-level radioactive waste will be stored in deep deposition holes away from the ground surface. The heat generated by the waste will induce both significant stress increments and ground water seepage in a multiple geologic barrier system. The long-term ability of a barrier system is significantly impacted by coupling between the thermal, hydrological, and mechanical processes. The sta- bility of a system may also depend particularly upon unanticipated factors such as the development of post-earthquake macrocracks. Therefore, this study investigates the three-dimensional transient and long term ther- mo-hydro-mechanical behavior of a barrier system. The results can be used for future reference in practical engineer- ing design. Key Words : Spent nuclear fuel, deep geologic repositories, macrocracks, THM coupling effect. 一、前 言 目前全世界尚無商業運轉之「用過核燃料」 (或稱為「高 放射性廢棄物」) 最終處置場，只有瑞典、美國、加拿大等少 數國家在地下實驗室進行試驗。一般而言，世界各國的處置場 設計概念大致相同。根據我