美国司法审查制度研究-法律专业毕业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要司法审查制度是美国法治的基石，通过二百多年来的发展，己成为美国宪 中文摘要 司法审查制度是美国法治的基石，通过二百多年来的发展，己成为美国宪 政制度中最有活力的维成部分。司法审奁所涉层瑟十分广泛，在选择切入角度方 面，本文力图将其放置于一个广阔的时间和空间背景之中。主要考察美国司法审 查制度的起源与相关理论、以及基本内容，通过事实分析及理论梳理，以揭示美 国司法审查制度背后所蕴藏的理论基础及浮重的法治文明积淀。同时指出这项引 入注嚣的制度实际上一直遭受着正当健的质疑，从诞生之初司法审查权的来源及 合法性到后来司法能动主义与司法克制主义之间的争论。当然关于制度正当性的 论证始终是人类社会永恒的命题。不可否认的是，关于美国司法审查制度『F当性 的质疑与论证，极大地推动了这项制度的完善与发展。 第一章是对美国司法审查起源的考察，将司法审查制度的起源放霆于对久 远西方政治文明的传承，以及美国独立前及制宪会议前后广阔的历史大背景中考 察，由此可见由实践中生长出来的司法审查制度，所具有的深厚的历史湃i源以及 独特的社会±壤。第二毒对司法审查制度理论基础及面临的理论难题的考察，以 揭示司法审查制度的生命力来自于强大的理论支撑，同时也存在难以解决的理论 问题。第三章通过对司法审查制度基本内容的考察，试图大致勾画出美国司法审 查制度的全貌。 关键词： 法治司法审查翎度 中图分类号：D911．01 AbstractOrle Abstract Orle of the fbundations of American rule of law is t}le instinltional of judicial revieⅥ‘which has been the most vi90rous part in the American constitutionalism govemment aRer more than 200 years passed，Because the iudicial review involves a wide arrangement of ideas，this article is tended to eon函lct th0 survey under the background of血e vast hiStorical space a11d time．This survey is mainly tried to i玎vestigate椭e origin and t量le relative thoory and its basic contents，t圭lrou醢analysis of fhcts and studv of theor-v so as to discover the basic theory hidden behind the Americaninstitutional ofiudicial review a王1ditS civilizationofrule oflaw．】Ⅵe8nwhile this article is also intended to pOint out that this sort of at廿active institutiOn actuaIly has been alwavs doubted wh础er it is legal or no￡since it c锄e into being．La札er argumeHts have been raised between iudicial activism and judicial rcstraint．Ofcourse to prove the propertv of the institution is ail etemal theme ofhumajl society．However undeniabl轧tbe argumems whether the American{udicial review is ri曲tfm of not has greatly developed this sort Of institution to become perfect+ The蠡fst chapter of像is article is about the investigation of the establishment of American iudicial revie win which the origin is regarded as the derivation of me histo五c．10ng Westem p01itical civiliza疽on and is tested in 啦e由ne of me inde口