脱氢枞醇的合成研究_毕业论文.doc

本科毕业论文 × 脱氢枞醇的合成研究 × PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT ii PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT i 脱氢枞醇的合成研究 摘 要：通过乙醇胺成盐及异辛烷萃取和乙醇重结晶方法实现歧化松香中脱氢枞酸的分离纯化，利用氯化亚砜对脱氢枞酸的酰化能力使之转化为脱氢枞酰氯；研究了通过脱氢枞酰氯与甲醇反应制备脱氢枞酸甲酯的可行性及其影响因素，并与脱氢枞酸-碳酸二甲酯法进行了比较；以硼氢化钠-Lewis酸、金属钠-甲醇体系分别为还原剂处理了脱氢枞酸甲酯，并研究了Lewis酸类型对硼氢化钠-Lewis酸体系还原效果的影响；用硼氢化钠-碘体系还原了脱氢枞酸；用FT-IR表征了原料、中间体及产物的结构，GC方法测定了中间体中脱氢枞酸甲酯及产品中脱氢枞醇的含量。 结果表明，乙醇胺成盐法制备的脱氢枞酸具有较好的品质；通过脱氢枞酰氯与甲醇反应制备脱氢枞酸甲酯的效果优于脱氢枞酸-碳酸二甲酯法；金属钠-甲醇体系对脱氢枞酸甲酯的还原能力明显优于硼氢化钠-Lewis酸。FT-IR的分析结果显示，硼氢化钠-Lewis酸对脱氢枞酸甲酯的还原能力以及硼氢化钠-碘对脱氢枞酸的还原能力非常小。通过脱氢枞酰氯和甲醇直接“一锅法”反应得到的脱氢枞酸甲酯的收率可达81.4%，GC测定结果表明，通过恰当的工艺得到的脱氢枞酰氯与甲醇反应得到的产物中脱氢枞酸甲酯的含量可达90%以上。Na/CH3OH体系可以将脱氢枞酸甲酯部分还原为脱氢枞醇；并且用钠砂-甲醇体系还原酯时，产物中脱氢枞醇的含量为31.7%。 关键词：歧化松香；脱氢枞酸；酯化反应；还原反应；脱氢枞醇 Study on the synthesis of dehydroabietinol Abstract：Dehydroabietic acid was isolated from disproportionated resin and purified through the reaction between dehydroabietic acid and ethanolamine, ethanolamine dehydroabietate was extracted with isooctane as solvent and recrystallizated using ethanol aqueous solution. Dehydroabietyl chloride was synthesized by using SOCl2 as acylchloride agent. The feasibility for preparing methyl dehydroabietate by the reaction between dehydroabietyl chloride and methanol, and the factors influenced on the reaction were investigated in this paper. The effectiveness of dehydroabietyl chloride reacted with methanol was compared with that of dehydroabietic acid reacted with dimethyl carbonate. The methyl dehydroabietate was reduced by NaBH4-Lewis acid and Na-alcohol, respectively. The effect of different Lewis acid on the reductive ability of NaBH4 was also studied in this paper. Meanwhile, dehydroabietic acid was reduced by NaBH4-I2. The structures of raw materials、intermediates and final products were all characterized by FT-IR. The content of intermediates and final products was analyzed by GC. The results showed that dehydroabietic acid obtained by ethanolamine dehydr