重庆大学新闻学院新闻采访与写作英文课件 Chapter20.pptVIP

Section Four WHEN News and information are the products of journalism.But news is not just information.It is a special kind of information developed by journalists and formulated to fit the needs of the audience and the requirements of the media of journalism. News is a vital ingredient of the mix of an open society. For individuals,news tells us about ourselves,helps us make decisions, and gives us a common pool of (各种各样的) knowledge. In the larger society,news helps to confirm the assumptions on which our society is based. The acquisition and dissemination(传播)of news is a difficult and expensive task. Consequently, a discernable(可识别的) journalistic culture—with definite rules and expectations—has grown up within news organizations. Understanding this culture is helpful to all of us who are news consumers,and it is vital to those who would take on the profession of journalism. Chapter 20 Beginnings of Journalism Key Concepts and Terms 1.Individuals and groups have always needed to communicate new information and the latest news to each other,consequently,journalism is a part of any society,ancient or modern. 2.Journalism in any age depends on the technology available to gather and disseminate information. 3.Writing makes information easier to convey than simply speaking;writing also creates a permanent record,something that establishes a history and a basis for a society. 4.Acta Diurna: a daily publication of political and society news begun during the reign of Julius Caesar in 59 B.C. 5.Moveable type: individual pieces of type that can be reused for different printing jobs.The concept of moveable type was the key to the invention of the printing press around 1450. 6.Printing was only one of the factors that brought Western civilization out of the Dark Ages.Other factors included an increase in literacy and easier means of dissemination(such as the development of safer travel routes). 【印刷术只是促使西方文明摆脱“黑暗中世纪”的历史原因之一。其他因素包括文艺的普及和传播手段的便捷化（比如更为安全的航行路线的开发）。】