基于FPGA的视频信号采集与处理系统.docVIP

河南理工大学毕业设计（论文）说明书 PAGE PAGE 43 基于FPGA的视频信号采集与处理系统 摘 要 图像是人类获取和交换信息的主要来源。现如今，图像处理的应用领域已经涉及到人类生活和工作的方方面面，如航天和航空技术、工业和工程、军事公安、生物医学工程等等。在图像处理系统中，实时图像的采集是整个系统的前端部分，也是整个系统最重要的部分。前端的图像采集速度及质量，直接影响到图像处理系统后端的算法处理及应用。 本文主要设计图像处理系统的前端部分，即视频信号的采集。 本文设计中采用CMOS图像传感器OV7670对外界图像进行实时采集，通过FPGA内部设计的初始化模块对图像传感器输出信号的格式进行配置。根据其输出信号的时序，在FPGA内部设计采集单元。采集到的数据一路送到TFT液晶屏上进行实时显示，另一路送入SRAM缓存。当一帧图像存储完成后，在NIOS II软核中对图像进行处理，并将处理结果以图片的方式，存储到外部存储器SD卡中。 关键字：FPGA； 实时图像； CMOS； 图像采集 Abstract The image is human access and exchanges the primary source of information. Nowadays, Image processing applications have involved human life and all aspects of the work, such as aerospace and aviation technology, industry and engineering, military police, biomedical engineering and so on. In the image processing system, Real-time image collection is the head part of the whole system, is also the most important part of the whole system. Part of the image acquisition speed and quality, directly affect the image processing system and the algorithm after processing and the application. This paper mainly designs image processing system, namely the head part of video signal collection. This paper applied to the design of CMOS image sensor to the outside world OV7670 real-time image acquisition. Through the FPGA design inside the initialization of the module of image sensor output signal format configuration. According to its output signal timing, In the FPGA design inside acquisition cell. The data collected one way to TFT LCD screen on the real-time display, and the other way into an SRAM cache, when a frame image storage completed, processing the image in the NIOS II MCU. And the result of processing, storage to external storage SD card. Key words：FPGA; Real-time image; CMOS; Image acquisition 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 1 前 言 h 1 1.1 数字图像处理发展史 h 1 1.2 系统整体设计 h 3 2 CMOS原理和特性及CMOS摄像头的基本结构 h 4 2.1 CMOS原理及特性 h 4 2.1.1 CMOS数字图像传感器基本原理 h 4 2.1.2 CMOS图像传感器的特性 h 5 2.2 COMS传感器的基本结构 h 6 2.2.1 OV7670简介 h