锂二次电池金属氧化物石墨烯负极与硫-碳正极的研究-应用化学专业论文.docx

万方数据 万方数据 ABSTRACT Metal oxides are considered as the potential anode materials due to their much higher theratical specific capacity than that of graphite. However, these metal oxides tend to encounter large volume expantion during Li ion insertion/extraction process, ledding to the unfavorable factors of material pulverization and electrode crack that restrain their cycle performance. Graphene was used in this work as carrier to hold SnO2 and MoO2 nanoparticles due to its large surface area, high electric conductivity and super mechanical stability. Compared with lithium ion battery, lithium sulfur battery could deliever higher theoretical energy density. In addition, sulfur has the advantages of nature abundance, environment friendly and low cost. However, low utilization and worse cyclability are significant drawbacks that challenging this new battery. In order to address these deficiencies, nafion (Perfluorinated sulfonic acid) coated S/C composite and nafion coated electrode were prepared through two different methods. SnO2/graphene composite was prepared by a simple sol-gel method using SnCl2 and graphene as raw materials. It is observed from SEM and TEM that SnO2 nanoparticles are homogeneously attached on the surface of graphene sheets. Compared with pure SnO2 particle, SnO2/graphene composite shows a much higher cyclability. The composite could achieves 726.6mAh·g-1 after 20 cycles at the cuttern density of 100mA·g-1. MoO2/graphene composite was synthesized from graphite oxide and ammonium molybdate by using one-step hydrothermally method. The result suggests the product can exhibit the best cycle performance at condition of adding graphene 50mg and ammonium molybdate 2.3g. After 60 cycle, the discharge specific capacity were 1037 mAh·g-1. MoO2 and graphene could form the covalent bonds in the process of hydrothermal, so the MoO2 nanoparticles were firmly anchoring in the surface of graphene. The stable structure of graphene can restrict the volume change