冰雪灾害对毛竹出笋及生长的影响.DOCVIP

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  • 2019-05-24 发布于天津
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PAGE 7 冰雪灾害对毛竹出笋及生长的影响基金项目:广东省科技攻关项目( 基金项目:广东省科技攻关项目(2008A020100013)。 作者简介:黄永芳(1963-),女,广西博白人,教授,主要从事经济林和森林培育的教学和科研工作。 致谢:调查得到南雄市林业局的大力支持,特此致谢。 黄永芳1 谭裕开1 安星1 刘乾2 吴振彪1 (1华南农业大学林学院 广州 510642; 2广东省林业科技推广总站) 摘要 设置标准地调查毛竹林在冰雪灾害后的出笋及生长情况,采集土壤样品和毛竹叶子样品并分析其N、P、K含量等。结果表明,冰雪灾害对毛竹的出笋数量提高,新竹比例提高10%;新竹平均高减少1.6 m,胸径减少2.2 cm;新竹叶片全N、全P含量差异不显著,全K含量1.400%比对照的1.734%减少了0.334%个百分点,粗灰分含量9.34%比对照的6.82%增加了2.52%个百分点。 关键词 冰雪灾害 毛竹 生长 Influences of Ice-snow Disaster on Phyllostachys pubescens Shoots and Growth Huang Yongfang1 Tan Yukai1 An Xing1 Liu Qian2 Wu Zhenbiao1 ( 1 College of Forestry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642; 2 The Forestry Science and Technology Extension Station of Guangdong Abstract The number of phyllostachys pubescens shoots and the growth after Ice-snow disaster was investigated. The leaves of phyllostachys pubescens and soil samples were collected. Meanwhile the contents of N, P, K of the samples were analyzed. The results showed that the number of phyllostachys pubescens shoots had increased 10% due to Ice-snow disaster. The average height and DBH of phyllostachys pubescens shoots had decreased 1.6m and 2.2cm, respectively. There existed no significant differences between the contents of N and P in the leaves samples. The content of K (1.400% ) in the leaves samples had reduced 0.334% than the comparison (0.334%),and the content of coarse ash(9.34%) had increased 2.52% than the comparison(6.82%). Key words ice-snow disaster, phyllostachys pubescens, growth 毛竹(Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. pubescens)属禾本科竹亚科刚竹属,又名楠竹、茅竹、猫头竹、孟字竹等,是我国栽培面积最大的经济竹种[1],种植面积为340万hm2,占全国竹林面积的68%[2]。 2008年的南方冰雪灾害,使我国南方林区造成巨大损失。由于持续的低温,积雪,加上冻雨不断,使得树木上悬挂的冰层逐渐变厚,导致树木因承受不住冰挂的重量而折断、折弯倒伏,甚至连根拔起。据初步统计,这次灾害涉及19个省,受损森林面积达0.193亿hm2,直接经济损失达573亿元[3]。广东省南雄市毛竹林亦遭受到严重的危害,90%以上毛竹受灾,受灾面积达2.5万hm2,造成南雄市直接经济损失3亿多元。雨雪冰冻天气使成竹的毛竹轻者竹竿被压弯、折断,严重者竹竿破裂甚至整株倒伏翻兜使,竹林形成很多林窗,增加了病虫害侵害等次生灾害的危险性。因此,应尽快恢复毛竹林的立竹量。本文的研究旨在为毛竹林冰雪灾害后的恢复重建探索一条合适之路,为毛竹林灾后调控提供重要的依据。 1 材料与方法

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