被动语态知识点.docVIP

被动语态 一、基本结构：be+done（动词过去分词） 一般现在时：am/is/are+done 一般过去时：was/were+done 一般将来时：will be/be going to be +done 现在进行时：am/is/are being+done 过去进行时：was/were being+done 现在完成时：have/has been+done 过去完成时：had been +done 含情态动词：情态动词+be done 二、例句 1.一般现在时： Mary is loved by all her family. I’m well taken care of by my parents.（含介词的动词短语，介词不可以掉） 2.一般过去时： The letter was written in Spanish. Many houses were destroyed in the earthquake. 3.一般将来时： The work will be finished in 2 minutes. The problem is going to be discussed in the meeting. 4.现在进行时; The new library is being built in our school. The car accident is being looked into. 5.过去进行时： The library was being built last year. The boy was being criticized when I passed by. 6.现在完成时： All the work has been finished by now. Many trees have been planted so far. 7.过去完成时： The fire had been put out when the firefighters arrived. A plan had been made before he came. 8.含情态动词被动： The computer may be repaired by tomorrow. Your work must be finished by tomorrow. 三、注意 1.连系动词sound, taste, feel, look, appear, seem等无被动语态，可用主动形式表示被动意义： The iron feels cold. The water feels hot. The cloth feels soft. The dish tastes delicious. He seems worried. The idea sounds good. 2.wash, write, sell等可用来表示主语内在性能或品质，常用主动形式表达被动意义。 My new coat washes easily. The pen writes well. Hanhan’s books sell well. 3.表示“发生”的词无被动。 The accident happened this morning. Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last 5 years. 4.need/want/require表示“需要”时，主动形式表达被动意义，即need/want/require doing=need/want/require to be done“（某物）需要（被）……” Your shoes need washing. The classroom is so dirty. It needs cleaning now. 5.动词hear/listen to, let, make , see/watch/observe主动语态不带to,使用被动语态时要还原to The teacher let us do some exercises. —We were let to do some exercises. His father made him do housework. —He was made to do housework. I saw him paint. —He was seen to paint. I heard a girl sing. —A girl was heard to sing.