C#语言和NET Framework介绍毕业论文外文翻译.docxVIP

附 录1： 英文原文 Introduction to the C# Language and the .NET Framework Ⅰ C# language C# syntax is highly expressive, yet it is also simple and easy to learn. The curly-brace syntax of C# will be instantly recognizable to anyone familiar with C, C++ or Java. Developers who know any of these languages are typically able to begin to work productively in C# within a very short time. C# syntax simplifies many of the complexities of C++ and provides powerful features such as nullable value types, enumerations, delegates, lambda expressions and direct memory access, which are not found in Java. C# supports generic methods and types, which provide increased type safety and performance, and iterators, which enable implementers of collection classes to define custom iteration behaviors that are simple to use by client code. In C# 3.0, Language-Integrated Query (LINQ) expressions make the strongly-typed query a first-class language construct. As an object-oriented language, C# supports the concepts of encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. All variables and methods, including the Main method, the applications entry point, are encapsulated within class definitions. A class may inherit directly from one parent class, but it may implement any number of interfaces. Methods that override virtual methods in a parent class require the override keyword as a way to avoid accidental redefinition. In C#, a struct is like a lightweight class; it is a stack-allocated type that can implement interfaces but does not support inheritance. In addition to these basic object-oriented principles, C# makes it easy to develop software components through several innovative language constructs, including the following: (1)Encapsulated method signatures called delegates, which enable type-safe event notifications. (2)Properties, which serve as accessors for private member variables. (3)Attributes, which provide declarative metadata about types at run time. (4) Inline XML documentation comments. (5)La