硫化镉纳米材料的合成及光催化性能研究-有机化学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 CdS是II B．ⅥA族化合物，具有2．42eV的能带隙，是一种重要的纳米材料。它 在光吸收、光电转换和光催化等方面有着广泛的应用，已成为纳米材料合成领域的研 究热点之一。 本论文以硝酸镉和硫脲为原料，采用水热合成技术制备了CdS纳米材料。同时， 考察了模板剂(有机胺)、反应时l日J和反应温度对材料形貌的影响。采用X射线衍射 (XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等方法对样品进行表 征，并用BET法测定其比表面积。结果表明，所合成的CdS纳米材料均为纯的六方晶 相结构：以二乙烯三胺为模板剂时，合成CdS的形貌为纳米棒，其长度和直径分别为 100．400hm和20—60nm；以二乙醇胺为模板剂时，合成的CdS为纳米颗粒，粒径在 20．50nm．之间。 本论文通过降解有机染料．甲基橙研究了纳米CdS的光催化性能。在甲基橙用量一 定的情况下，考察了光催化剂用量、H!O：用量、试液pH值和催化剂回收利用等条件对 甲基橙降解率的影响。结果表明，以二乙烯三胺为模板刺所制备的CdS催化剂比以二 乙醇胺为模皈剂所制备的CdS催化剂的催化效果好。其中以二乙烯三胺为模板剂，水 热120℃、晶化lOh条件下合成的催化剂用量为0．0209．pH值为3．5时．紫外光照射120min 后，甲基澄的降解率达到90％。 关键词：纳米材料：水热合成：光催化性能 Studies Studies on the Synthesis and Photocatalytic Property of CdS Nanomaterials Abstract CdS as one ofthe most important nanomaterials is II B—VIA compound with a band gap of 2．42eV．CdS has critical applications in optical absorption，photoelectric conversion and photocatalysis．CdS is a hot issue in the research field of nanomaterials． In this paper,CdS nanomaterials with different shape have been successfully synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis technology by using cadmium nitrate and thiourea as the raw material．In addition，we have investigated the effect of the template agent(organic amine)，reaction time，reaction temperature on the shape of CdS．The samples were characterized by X—ray diffraction(XRD)，transmission electron microscopy(TEM)， scanning‘electron microscopy(SEM)and tested the specific surface area by BET method． The results indicated that the products were pure cubic CdS confirmed by XRD．By SEM and TEM observations，the synthesized products using diethylene triamine as template were nano—rods with len蓼h of 1 00-400rim and diameter of 20-60nm．With diethanolamine as template．the synthesized products were nano—particles with diameter of 20—50nm． This paper also used the narlo—CdS samples as photocatalysts to study the degradation the solution of methyl orange．The concentration of methyl orange was unchanged during the process of experiment．We also investigated the effect