刘向《列女传》研究-文艺学专业论文.docx

提要 西汉刘向(约前 79一前 8) 编撰的《列女传))，是我国最早的…一部妇女专史。 它为我们全面了解古代中国妇女的社会生活和精神风貌，提供了宝贵的资料。 刘向《列女传》的列女气是罗列女子事迹的意思，后世的列女传名 称，都祖述该书之名(王回语)。本文对于刘向的家世及成书背景、该书的编篡 与流传情况作了初步分析和整理。并通过文本的细读，将这些女子进行群类划分: 作为一种研究方法，将这些女子分成家庭伦理层次上最基础的三个类别:即母亲、 妻子、女儿。 这种分析方法能使我们更清楚地看到刘向为这些女子归类作传时的 标准: I.lp 依据她们服务于家庭与自己的丈夫的功绩及她们德行的层次，分为七个 道德条目。在对这三类角色进行分析过程中，许多问题会突显出来:比如在刘向 该书中，母亲的地位变化是怎样的，她们有着怎样基于社会伦理之上的独特的母 爱:妻子们是怎样看待与秉持贞节观念的;女儿及单身女子，是刘向用以阐述观 念的符号，还是当时女子实际的状态，而她们身上所具有的、传记人物中前所未 有的奇特的色彩，也开启了后世一类女子在文学中的形象。 作为中国最早的一部杂传， 列女传》自然流淌着史传文学的血脉。所以 在最后一部分，本文初步分析了它所承继的历史传统:包括《春秋》与《战国策》 对于它的思想表达方面的影响，及《左传》与《史记》对它结构影响等，还简单 概括了它对后世杂传发展的影响，以及它自身的文学意义。 关键词:刘向、歹 IJ 女类别、母亲地位、贞节观念、历史及文学意义 分类号码: 1206.2 Abstract Liuxiang (79B.C-8B.C.) ，who lived in Han Dynasty ，writed the first woman history of China. It provides some invaluable informations to us so that we can comprehend completely 也e livies of those women in this period of ancient Chinese history in China The name of this book biography on lienv meansωenumerate the d优ds of women.All of the books in the following dynasties which had the same n缸ne as it named after it(Wanghui ，a Song Dynasty solar ，said). This thesis analyzed and edited basicly the background of this au也or and the writing of his book biography on lienv， at 也e same time ，1 explored the course of this book passing down during many dynasties，including the editions of it prevailed in those times .I classified these women into three classes:Mother，Wife，and Daughter or Single women based on the close-reading ofthe text.1tried to take a close look to the criterion ofthe autor，that is， to know clearly how the author to name the types of women in his book? So，this method that 1 classified brought me the conclusion:the criterion of the author to type 也臼e women is depending on the effect which was judged by their level to complete their responsibilities to serve their families ，and was judged by their virtues.The author n缸ned seven types about these women based on this criterion.During the p