ecosystemservicesandpessystems-环境保护对外合作中心.pptxVIP

The Concepts of ”Ecosystem Approach” and ”Ecosystem Services” “生态系统方法”与“生态系统服务”概念初探 Peter J. Schei皮特·舍 Fridtjof Nansen Institute挪威南森研究所Training Cource, Changsha, 24-29 April,9月26-29日，长沙培训课程Ecosystem Approach 生态系统方法Meant basicly for governments under CBD-implementation. Focus on the highest level of biodiversity 主要针对政府履行《生物多样性公约》（生多公约），关注生物多样性的最高层次Industry/economic sectors may contribute greatly to ”implementation” 工业（经济）部门可以对“执行”贡献巨大No blueprint for all situations 没有针对所有情况的蓝图计划Preconditions and various success-factors for each principle每条原则的前提条件和各种成功因素Specific ”Integrated Resource Management Procedures” (IRMPs) in various biomes/ecosystems? 各种生物群落（生态系统）特有的“综合资源管理程序” (IRMPs) ？ (INTEGRATED) ECOSYSTEM APPROACH (EA)（综合）生态系统方法（EA）1. Management objectives are a matter of societal choice管理目标其实是社会选择的问题 2. Management should be decentralised to the lowest appropriate level管理应该下放到最低的合适的层级 3. Consider the effects on other areas/ecosystems考虑对其他领域或生态系统的影响4. Ecosystem management must be understood in a socio-economic context必须在社会经济环境中理解生态系统管理5. Conservation of ecosystem functioning is crucial保护生态系统功能尤为重要6. Management should be undertaken at the appropriate scale (related to problem/challenge)应该在合适的范围内进行管理（与问题和挑战相关）7. Set long term goals and beware of lag effects制定长期目标，了解阻碍目标实现的因素8. Beware of cyclic and other changes了解循环和其他的变化9. Manage within the limits to system(s) functioning在系统功能的限制范围内进行管理 10. Find balance between conservation and sustainable use在保护与可持续利用之间寻找平衡11. Use all relevant information使用所有相关信息12. Involve all relevant sectors/stakeholders/disciplines将所有相关部门、利益相关方和领域都纳入进来Ecosystem approach/Ecosystem services 生态系统方法和生态系统服务A conceptual link between the concepts各概念之间的概念性联系Key aspects of biodiversity management can be developed生物多样性管理的重要方面都得到发展Trade-off challenges arise between various services需要在不同服务之间进行权衡所带来的挑战 New methodologies are needed, both for valuation and trade-off procedures需要经济价值评估与权衡程序的新方法论 Multilevel perspective important, but policy conflicts betwe