运动系统检查- Musculoskeletal- Examination课件.ppt

Examination of the Elbow  伸肌腱牵拉试验（Mills征）、 7. Examine extension.(伸）8. Examine flexion（屈） 9. Examine supination.(旋前）10. Examine pronation（旋后） 11. Provocative（刺激） test for Cubital Tunnel（尺神经根管） Syndrome (puts tension on ulnar nerve at elbow). Tinel 征 12. Palpate the ulnar nerve. Examination of the Wrist and Hand  1. Observe the hand positioned on a pillow（垫子） or a table. Ensure you have adequate（足够） exposure. 2. Observe the palm（掌） of the hand. 3. Observe the dorsum（背） of the hand. Examination of the Wrist and Hand Examination of the Wrist and Hand 4. Review the anatomy of the hand noting the tip of the styloid（茎状） process(突), the anatomical snuffbox（鼻烟窝） bordered by extensor pollicis brevis（拇短伸肌腱） and extensor pollicis longus tendons （拇长伸肌腱）, and the head of the ulna.（尺骨头） 5. Feel for tenderness. (no photos) 6. Test active movements of the wrist. (no photos) Examination of the Wrist and Hand  7. A useful method for screening of flexion and extension of the wrists. (2 photos) 8. Test passive movements of the wrist beginning with extension(伸). 9. Flexion(屈). Examination of the Wrist and Hand Examination of the Wrist and Hand 10. Radial deviation.（桡偏） 11. Ulnar deviation.（尺偏） 12. Pronation.（手掌向下） 13. Supination. （手掌向上） Examination of the Wrist and Hand Examination of the Wrist and Hand 15. Test thumb abduction.（外展） 16. Test thumb adduction.（内收） 17. Test opposition.（对掌） Examination of the Wrist and Hand Examination of the Wrist and Hand 18. Observe movement of fingers from extension to flexion. (2 photos) 19. Test flexor digitorum profundus （指深屈肌腱）function by holding the proximal interphalangeal joint（近节指间关节PIP） extended(伸直) and asking the patient to flex the finger. Successful finger flexion indicates the tendon is intact（完整）. 20. Test flexor digitorum superficialis（指浅屈肌键） function by holding the other fingers extended while asking the patient to flex the finger being tested. Successful flexion indicates the tendon is intact. Examination of the Back  5. B