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分词构句的被动态 , 完成形 , 否定形
A. 被动态(being)+p.p.
being 后是 p.p. 则可省略, 若为名词, 形容词, 则不可
As he was exhausted by his hard work, he went to bed
earlier than usual.
(Being) Exhausted by hard work, he went to bed earlier
than usual.
He works hard.
His hard work
As it is written in simple English, the book is easy to
read.
(Being) Written in simple English , the book is easy to
read.
B. 完成形having+p.p.
Since I have seen him before, I know him well.
Having seen him before , I know him well.
After he had graduated from college, he became a
journalist.
Having graduated from college , he became a journalist.
had+p.p.having+p.p
C. 完成形的被动 (having been) p.p
Since she has been brought up in Paris, she speaks French
very.
(Having been) Brought up in Paris , she speaks French very.
分词构句是附属 , 并不注重时态 , 但要明确主被动
D. 否定形 not/never+Ving or not/never+having+p.p
As the teacher didn ’t hear the bell, the teacher kept
on teaching.
Not hearing the bell , the teacher kept on teaching.
Because he had not done his homework, he felt uneasy.
Not having done his homework , he felt uneasy.
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