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CAD And CAM
The term CAD/CAM is a shortening of Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM). Well then, what is a general CAD system?
The general CAD system was developed by considering a wide range of possible uses of such a system. The following were considered in detail:
(1) Mechanical engineering design;
(2) Building design;
(3) Structural engineering design;
(4) Electronic circuit design;
(5) Animation and graphic design.
It was postulated that four basic processes involving graphics occurred, to various degrees, in each field, namely:
(1) Pure analysis - standard design and analysis processes.
(2) Pure draughting–production of a drawing or picture by the manual creation and manipulation of lines, arcs, etc.
(3) Drawing by analysis–the production of a picture or part of a picture directly from analysis: for example, production of cam profiles.
(4) Analysis of drawing–evaluation of the properties of an item described graphically, for example the production of a quantity list by analysis of a builder’s plan drawing.
For the system to be able to support pure analysis it must contain facilities for the running of analysis programs of unlimited length and for the storage and rapid retrieval of large amounts of data.
It was considered important that the user should be able to communicate directly and graphically with analysis programs. Graphics facilities were provided which were considered to be sufficient for a general design draughting system. However, the range of graphical construction techniques is so large in practice that the system contained only as many facilities as could practically be incorporated in the draughting system, leaving other more specialized techniques to be developed by the applications programmer.
For both the production of drawing items by analysis and the analysis of drawings, it is essential that there is a simple efficient link between data produced by the draughting system and analysis programs. It is also essent
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