滚动轴承基础知识(经典版本)精编版.pptVIP

双列圆锥滚子轴承： 该类型的轴承有双滚道外圈和两个内圈，两个内圈之间有一中隔圈，改变隔圈的厚度可以调整轴承的游隙。此中轴承在承受径向载荷的同时可承受双向轴向载荷，可在轴承的轴向游隙范围内限制轴和外壳的双向轴向位移。 圆锥滚子轴承轴向游隙的大小对轴承的工作影响很大，当轴向游隙过小时，温升高。当轴向游隙过大时，轴承容易损坏。故在安装和使用时应特别注意调整轴承的轴向游隙。 滚动轴承的材料 滚动轴承用钢通常是高碳钢及渗碳钢，除此之外还有耐腐蚀轴承钢、耐高温轴承钢、防磁轴承钢。其他还包括轴承合金、有色金属和非金属材料等。 对轴承的要求决定其性能，如高精度、长寿命、高可靠性、耐高温、抗腐蚀、无磁性、超低温、抗辐射等性能。 滚动轴承钢应具备的性能 较高的接触疲劳强度。 良好的耐磨性。 较高的弹性极限 适宜的硬度。 一定的韧性。 良好的尺寸稳定性。 良好的工艺性能。 滚动轴承的材料 轴承套圈和滚动体 淬火钢 碳铬钢含有大约 1% 碳，和 1.5 %铬 表面硬化钢 铬镍合金钢及锰铬合金钢含有 大约0,15 %碳 滚动轴承的制造 – 球 – Pressing – Soft grinding (rill-filling) – Hardening – Grinding – Lapping – Inspection Outer ring outside diameter grinding – Turning – Hardening – Several grinding operations – Raceway honing Outer ring raceway grinding Side face grinding Bore grinding Inner ring raceway grinding Raceway honing 滚动轴承的制造 – 套圈 滚动轴承的制造 Cage manufacture Assembly Final inspection * * * Bearing Components Rings, rollers, cages and closures Purpose of rings and rollers: Carry the loads and transmit power Different shapes to accommodate various design requirements. Basic difference between rolling elements: balls vs. Rollers: balls have point contact, rollers have line contact Purpose of cages: Provide rolling element guidance Rolling elements generally slightly harder than rings Rc 60-66 Material generally 52100 steel 100 means 1% carbon, considered high carbon steel 52 is % of chromium Hardened to Rc 58-62 Stainless is available in some types and sizes Ceramic (Silicon Nitride) balls are an option * * * Cage Types Cages are manufactured using different materials and methods. Which of these are used depend on economic and bearing application considerations. For example, the characteristics of plastic cages make them ideal for many bearings due to their flexibility and low weight and friction. However, very high tooling costs restrict their use to bearing types produced in high volume. ? How the cage is located is very important. For instance, in vibration equipment applications, using an outer ring-riding cage can