九种状语从句.docVIP

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PAGE PAGE 3 §状语从句的种类(九种) 口诀: 时地原因条状补, 目比结果方让步, 连词引导各不同; 主句通常前面走, 连词引导紧随后, 从句若在主前头, 主从之间有个逗。 用来修饰谓语动词、其它动词、定语、状语或整个句子的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为: 1.时间状语从句;(adverbial clause of time) 2.地点状语从句;(adverbial clause of place) 3.原因状语从句;(adverbial clause of cause) 4.条件状语从句;(adverbial clause of condition) 5.目的状语从句;(adverbial clause of purpose) 6.让步状语从句;(adverbial clause of concession) 7.比较状语从句;(adverbial clause of comparison) 8.方式状语从句;(adverbial clause of manner) 9.结果状语从句。(adverbial clause of result) §状语从句的时态特点 一般情况下,时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”,用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。例如: 1.时间状语从句;(adverbial clause of time) ①由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句。例如: When we got home, I find Tom. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。 ②由before和after引导的时间状语从句。 It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。 After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后,告诉我你是怎样决定的。 ③由till或until引导的时间状语从句。till和until一般情况下两者可以互换,但是在强调句型中多用until。并且要注意的是:如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时,必须用否定形式;如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,用肯定或否定形式都可以,但表达的意思不同。 I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。 I didnt work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。 ④由since引导的时间状语从句。 since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is +时间+since从句的句型中,主句多用一般现在时。 I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来,我一直在北京了。 ⑤由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导的时间状语从句。这些连词都表示“一……就”。 I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭,我立即到那里。 The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一听到消息,马上赶到了出事地点。 As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大,就给你来电话。 【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely)…when / before, no sooner…than相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时,主句应用倒装语序。例如: He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚到家,就被邀请开始另一旅程。 No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commenc

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