论我国公益信托监察人制度完善-法律学(法学)专业论文.docxVIP

内 内容摘要 1 1 信托法律制度最早产生于英国，从其诞生之日起就一直服务于推动社会公益事业 的发展。但是英国在其信托法律中并没有明确规定公益信托监察人制度，最早以法律 条文形式明确该制度的是大陆法系的日本，韩国和我国台湾地区也借鉴了这一做法。 我国《信托法》在第六章第 64 条明确了监察人在公益信托中的设置问题，这一规定显 然沿袭了大陆法系国家的惯例。但是，我国公益信托监察人制度的规定过于笼统和原 则，监察人监督受托人、保护受益人的宗旨原则未能得到全面和有效的贯彻，严重影 响了公益信托事业的长足进步和发展。基于公益信托监察人在构建、运行和维系公益 信托法律关系的重要作用，本文拟对信托监察人的法律体系进行重新梳理，找出现行 制度的缺陷和不足，并通过对国内外相关立法的借鉴实现这一制度的重构。 全文共由引言、正文、结语三方面的内容组成。其中正文构成了文章的主体，主 要涵盖三个部分： 第一部分对监察人制度的基本理论进行了解读。文章从公益信托监察权的法律性 质、公益信托监察人的法律地位两个方面进行了论述，明确了信托监察权属于民事监 督权的法律属性，确立了公益信托监察人独立、平等的法律地位，为后文公益信托监 察人立法缺陷的引出及制度的完善奠定了理论基础。 第二部分讨论了我国现行制度的立法缺陷。文章在结合域外立法和本国社会实践 的基础上，具体阐述了公益信托监察人在任职职格，选任、辞任、解任、变更标准， 权利、义务、责任体系以及监察权的内外部冲突等六个方面的立法缺陷。 第三部分主要对上文提到的立法缺陷进行相应的修补和完善。完善建议以任意性 规范为主，以当事人意思自治为中心，充分体现了私法自治的原则。 关键词：公益信托；信托财产；信托监察权；公益信托监察人 Abs Abstract The third pa The third part puts forward the improvements of the legislative defects above. Autonomy as the center , so most of the suggestions are arbitrary norms, fully embodies the principle of private autonomy. Key words: Charitable Trust; Trust Property; Trust Supervisory Authority; Charitable Trust Supervisor 1 1 2 2 The trust legal system originated in the United Kingdom, from the date of its birth has been promoting the development of services in the public welfare. But Britain has no clearly defined Charitable Trust Supervisor System in their trust laws, the earliest form of law provision is in Japan which belongs to civil law, South Korea and Taiwan Province of China also draws on this approach. The Article 64 in Chinas Trust Law clearly stipulates public trusts should set public trust supervisors, this provision clearly followed the practice of civil law countries. However, the provisions of Chinas Charitable Trust Supervisor System are too simple and general. The functions of supervising the trustees and protection of beneficiaries has not been effective played, which seriously affected the development of Chinas charitable trust industry. Based on the importance of charitable trust supervisors build, run, maintain th