论我国核应急法律制度的完善-经济法专业论文.docxVIP

2 2 1 1 统一的场内应急计划和执行程序。 第四部分：我国核应急法律制度的现状。该部分一方面在于整理我国现有的核应 急法律规范，另一方面在于总结我国现在核应急法律制度，且主要目的在于后者。我 国目前的核应急法律制度有建立了核应急管理体制、核应急预案制度、核应急演习制 度、应急信息公开制度、资金和物资保障制度，尽管这一系列制度当中存在不少问题， 但为我国核应急工作的进一步开展奠定了基础。这一部分着重论述分析了我国的核应 急管理体制与核应急预案制度，特别是核应急管理体制，分别论述了国家、地方政府 以及核电厂的职责所在。 第五部分：我国核应急法律制度存在的缺陷及其完善措施。这一部分是本论文的 重点所在，在上文的基础之上，分析了我国目前的核应急法律制度，并指出其中存在 以下缺陷：我国核应急法律规范数量少、框架粗、位阶低、年代久；核应急概念单一， 亟需完善；现行管理体制已不能满足实践的需要；我国核应急预案性质定位不清等问 题。并针对这些问题提出了完善之策，特别是创造性地提出了使用核应急这一概念、 设立核灾害基金或发行核灾害债券和核灾害彩票以筹备核应急资金等。使用核应急这 一概念实现预防为主原则真正贯彻到整个核应急工作当中，设立核灾害基金，发行核 灾害债券和核灾害彩票，一方面可以分摊灾害风险，另一方面也有利于加大对核应急 工作的资金投入。上述两个建议可以从“始”与“终”很好地完善核应急法律制度。 关键词：核事件；核应急；法律制度 Abstract As a clean and efficient energy, nuclear power will play a huge potential role in the process on humans resolving the environmental pollution, climate change and energy crisis. With the appearance of nuclear accident in March 2011 in Japan ， humans have to make a choice between the development and security of nuclear energy. As to assuring the nuclear security, this paper thinks that we should develop the nuclear energy. This paper aims to improve the system of nuclear security in the condition of nuclear emergency, to make nuclear work on safety more smoothly. Of course, this paper is based on Chinese present legal system of nuclear emergency. Because of a lot of problems existed in the legal system on nuclear emergency in China, this paper is attempting to find the resolving measures though the following five parts. Part one is to make an overview of nuclear emergency legal system, in order to provide convenience for the following parts .Being the first part of this paper, it defines the nuclear emergency legal system, points out the significance of improving nuclear emergency legal system, so makes clear the research object of this paper. The most important context of this part is to define the nuclear event and nuclear accident clearly, for only distinguishting these two notion can define the meaning of nuclear emergency legal system correc