2018考研英语（二）真题试题和答案解析.PDFVIP

2018考研英语 （二 ）真题试题及答案解析 Section ⅠUseofEnglish Directions: Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s) foreachnumberedblankandmark [A],[B], [C] or [D] ontheANSWER SHEET.(10points) Why dopeoplereadnegativeInternet commentsand dootherthingsthatwillobviouslybe painful?Becausehumanshavean inherentneedto 1uncertainty,accordingtoarecent study in Psychological Science.Thenewresearch revealsthattheneedtoknow isstrongthatpeoplewill2to satisfytheir curiosity even when it isclear theanswerwill 3 . In a seriesofexperiments,behavioral scientistsattheUniversity ofChicagoandtheWisconsin schoolofBusinesstested students’willingnessto4themselvestounpleasant stimuliin an effortto satisfy curiosity.For one5,eachparticipant wasshown apileofpensthattheresearcher claimed were from apreviousexperiment.Thetwist?Halfofthepenswould 6an electric shockwhen clicked. Twenty-seven studentsweretoldwithpenswereelectrified;another twenty-sevenweretold onlythat somewereelectrified.7left aloneintheroom.The studentswho didnotknowwhich ones would shockthem clickedmorepensandincurredmore shocksthanthe studentswhoknew that would 8 .Subsequent experimentsreproducedthiseffectwith other stimuli,9the soundof fingernailson achalkboard andphotographsofdisgustinginsects. Thedriveto 10isdeeply rootedinhumans,muchthe sameasthebasicdrivesfor 11or shelter, saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversity ofChicago.Curiosity isoften considered agoodinstinct—it can 12new scientific advances,for instance—but sometimessuch 13canbackfire.Theinsightthat curiosity can driveyou todo 14thingsisaprofound one. Unhealthy curiosity ispossibleto 15,however.In afinal experiment,participantswhowere encouragedto 16how theywouldfeel after viewinganunpleasantpicturewere lesslikelyto 17to see such an image.Theseresultssuggestthat imaginingthe 18offollowingthrough on one’s curiosity ahead oftimecanhelp determine 19it isworththeen