数字图像去马赛克IP设计与验证.pdfVIP

摘要 摘 要 成像技术是目前数字图像采集系统的关键部分，通常厂家只采用一片CCD 或 CMOS 图像传感器以降低生产成本和体积。采用单片传感器，需要在传感器 表面覆盖一层彩色滤波阵列镀膜（CFA）,其中 Bayer CFA 应用最为广泛。CFA 的每个像素只能获得三基色其中的一个颜色分量，因此要获得全彩色图像，必 须进行插值等处理获得丢失的其余分量，这个过程通常称之为色彩还原或去马 赛克（demosaicing）。本文主要对当前主流去马赛克方法做了归类介绍，对双 线性插值和梯度法做了计算机模拟比较。考虑到去马赛克效果和硬件实时运算 的需求，最终采用一种改进的双线性插值法，设计了一款 IP，并进行了 EDA 仿真和FPGA 验证，基本满足设计需求。 该方法综合运用了双线性插值法、梯度法、色差法，在恢复绿色分量时分 别采用双线性插值法和梯度法，使用色差法恢复蓝色分量和红色分量，取得了 比较好的效果。并在EDA 仿真阶段使用modelsim 进行C 语言和verilog 的混 合仿真，提高了仿真效率。本 IP 在海思的35 系列单板上通过了FPGA 验证， 基本满足设计要求。在 FPGA 验证环节，提出了一种快速定位的现场恢复发， 具有一定指导意义。 关键词：去马赛克 BAYER DEMOSAICING IP ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Imaging technology is the key part of the digital image acquisition system, usually manufacturers only using a single charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor for lower production costs and smaller chip area. For using only one sensor, it must to be covered with a layer of color filter array (CFA) coating on the surface of the sensor. And Bayer CFA is the most widely used today. The original data for each pixel only contains information about one color. However, information for all three primary colors is needed at each pixel to reconstruct a color image. Some of the missing information can be recreated from the information available in neighboring pixels. This process of recreating the missing color information is called color interpolation or demosaicing. This paper introduced the current most popular demosaicing method in detail, such as the bilinear interpolation and the directionally weighted gradient based interpolation and then make a comparison with Matlab. Considering to the requirment of demosaicing effect and hardware real-time operation, we proposed an improved bil