动词和短语动词.pptVIP

* 一、及物动词与不及物动词 常见的跟单宾语的及物动词主要有：accept, admire, admit, affect, afford, discover, educate, enjoy, explain, forget, guess, invent, love, post, raise等。 常见的跟双宾语的及物动词主要有： 1. 直、间接宾语易位需加to的动词：bring, give, hand, pass, post, promise, read, return, show, teach, tell, lend等。 2. 直、间接宾语易位需加for的动词：buy, choose, cook, draw, find, fetch, make, order, paint, purchase, save, spare等。 3. 既可加to，也可加for的动词：do, get, play, sing等。 常见的不及物动词主要有：ache, agree, apologize, appear, arrive, come, go, cry, dance, die, disappear, dream, exist, fall, flow, graduate, sit, stand, stay, wait, rise, lie, happen等。 二、延续性动词与终止性动词 延续性动词可用于完成时，与以下几种时间状语连用：for +段时间，since +点时间，since +一段时间+ago，since +从句（一般过去时）等。常见的这类动词有：have, possess, keep, know, learn, live, read, sleep, wait, work, look, hear, smell等。 终止性动词不可用于现在完成时，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，其否定形式多与until / till连用，构成“not+终止性动词+until / till ...”的句型，意为“直到……才……”。如： I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight. 三、常见的短语动词有以下五种： 1. 动词+介词 “动词+介词”构成的短语相当于一个及物动词，后面跟宾语。被动语态中，整个短语不可分开。这类短语动词常用的有：agree on, burst into, call on, consist of, deal with, depend / rely on, die of / from, dream of, feel like, get into, hear from, insist on, look / stare?/ glare at, prepare for, result in, set about等。 2. 动词+副词 1) 用作及物动词。常用的这类短语动词有 bring up, cut off, figure out, put out, take down, take over, throw away, turn down, turn over等。 2) 用作不及物动词。常用的这类短语动词有 break down, die away, give in, go ahead, hang on, run away, stand out, set off, wake up等。 3. 动词+名词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有：catch sight of, compare notes with, declare war on / upon, get rid of, have a word with, make fun of, make use of, make preparations for, pay attention to, take care of, take hold of, take advantage of, take charge of等。 4. 动词+副词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有：catch up with, come up with, date back to, put up with, go in for, run out of等。 5. be +形容词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有：be accustomed / used to, be afraid of, be devoted to, be fond of, be familiar with, be famous for, be fit / suitable for等。 动词及其词组的灵活运用是英语的特色，也是