中级财务会计ch.pptVIP

Chapter 2 Cash and Receivables 第二章 现金及应收款 Part A Cash and Cash Equivalents In this part, we are going to learn: Cash Cash equivalents Internal control Cash Cash includes currency and coins, balances in checking accounts, and items acceptable for deposit in these accounts. 现金包括纸币、硬币、银行支票存款账户的余额以及可以存入这些账户的款项。 Simply, “cash”=money hold in hand + deposit in bank account Cash Equivalents Cash Equivalents include money market funds, treasury bills, and commercial paper. 现金等价物包括货币市场基金、国库券和商业票据等。 The maturity date (到期日) for cash equivalents should be no longer than three months from the date of purchase. Internal Control Cash and cash equivalents are the most liquid assets. (easy to convert to cash) There is a high possibility for misuse and theft. Cash and cash equivalents must be carefully safeguarded against misuse and theft. A system (or some methods) we use to protect cash and cash equivalents is called “internal control (现金的内部控制)” Internal Control Some key requirements in “internal control”: Separation of duties. 职责分离 Someone who receives cash does not also disburse cash. Someone who handles cash cannot access accounting records. (cashier and accountant should not be the same person.) Cash receipts are immediately recorded and deposited and are not used directly to make payments. 现金收入应立即被记录和存入银行，而不能直接用于支付其他款项。 Internal Control Some key requirements in “internal control”: Disbursements are made by numbered checks, only with authorization by someone other than the person writing the check. Bank accounts are reconciled (调节、调整) monthly. (bank reconciliation 银行存款余额调节表) Part B Current Receivables 短期应收款 In this part, we are going to learn: The classification of “Receivables” Accounts receivable Notes receivable Receivables Receivables are a company’s claims to the future collection of cash, other assets or services. 应收款是企业在未来要求收取现金、其他资产或者服务的权利。 Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are coming from credit sale. Accounts receivable are supported by the custome