最小二乘估计的水下图像恢复算法.pdfVIP

30 11 Vol.30 No.11 2018 11 Journal of Computer-Aided Design Computer Graphics Nov. 2018 最小二乘估计的水下图像恢复算法 1,2) 1) 2) 王永鑫 , 刁 鸣 , 韩 闯 1) ( 哈尔滨工程大学信息与通信工程学院 哈尔滨 150001) 2) ( 哈尔滨理工大学测控技术与仪器黑龙江省高校重点实验室 哈尔滨 150080) ) 摘 要: 为了解决由噪声以及散射所引起的水下图像退化问题, 提出一种基于最小二乘估计的水下图像恢复算法. 首先通过比尔-朗伯定律构建水下图像退化模型, 并基于同态子块的局部统计特性分析方法对于加性高斯白噪声的方 差进行估计; 然后推导出一种基于最小二乘估计的图像滤波方法用于重建原始图像, 通过 Gamma 校正对由 Retinex 模型分解出的光照层分量进行拉伸, 从而得到增强后的水下图像. 从视觉感知和客观评价 2 个方面对算法进行了验 证, 实验结果表明, 该算法能够有效地抑制由噪声以及散射所引起的图像雾化效果, 图像恢复后水下图像的色彩、对 比度、细节以及清晰度都得到明显改善. 关键词: 水下图像恢复; 比尔-朗伯定律; 最小二乘估计; 同态子块; Retinex 模型；Gamma 校正 中图法分类号: TP391.41 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1089.2018.17041 Underwater Image Restoration Algorithm Based on Least Squares Estimation Wang Yongxin1,2), Diao Ming1), and Han Chuang2) 1) (College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001) 2) (The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Measuring Control Technology and Instrumentations of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080) Abstract: In order to improve the underwater image quality which is degraded by noise and scattering, this paper proposes an underwater image restoration algorithm based on least squares estimation. This work establishes an underwater image degradation model by Beer-Lambert law. The variance of additive white Gaussian noise is estimated by making an analysis on local statistical characteristics of homogeneous patch. This work de- rives an image filter method based on least squares estimation which is used to restore the original image. The enhanced underwater image is obtaine