神经系统药理—镇痛药.pptVIP

Morphine: Morphus, the Greek god of dreams 2. Clinical uses (1) Analgesia the pain of high intensity and the pain of terminal illness Cautions: a) obscure the symptoms and the progress of the disease; b) dependence or addiction; c) biliary colic: combined with atropine d) not used for long-term if no clear indications A. Opioid Analgesics (2) Cardiac asthma (acute left ventricular failure) As an adjuvant treatment A. Vasodilatation: afterload ? B. Sedation: anxiety ? C. Respiratory depression: breathing slowly and deeply (3) Diarrhe