YG1090货车转向桥及转向器设计.docVIP

摘 要 汽车在行驶过程中，需要经常改变行驶方向，这就需要有一套能够按照司机意志来改变或恢复汽车行驶方向的专设机构，它将司机转动方向盘的动作转变为车轮的偏转动作，这就是所谓的转向系统。转向性能是保证车辆安全，减轻驾驶员劳动强度和提高作业效率的重要因素。由于转向系统是汽车的重要组成部分，它直接与汽车的行驶稳定性有重要的关系，与前悬架和车轮关系亦十分密切，故转向系统的设计也是整车设计中的关键一环。 本设计为YG1090型载货汽车的转向系统设计，转向系统设计内容主要包括转向系统形式的选择、转向器的选择、转向梯形的选择及其布置。 在本次设计中采用了机械式转向系统，机械式转向系统的特点是重量轻，结构紧凑，布置方便，维修容易，操纵轻便，稳定性好，成本低廉，不易出现直线行驶时的蛇形现象。机械式转向系统还具有维修方便，容易安装调整的优点。转向系统的转向器选用的是整体式循环球转向器，整体式循环球转向器的特点是可以将传递力矩机构之间的滑动摩擦转变为滚动摩擦，这就使得转向传动效率提高，使用寿命增长，传动比可以改变，转向工作平稳可靠。转向传动机构选用整体式梯形，这样有利于保证YG1090型汽车在车轮转动时作无滑动的纯滚动运动，并且机构简单，容易调整前轮前束。 在说明书的计算部分，对转向器和转向梯形主要参数选择进行了计算。此外，还校核了主要零件的强度。 关键词：转向系统，机械转向，前桥，转向器  YG1090 truck steering axle and steering gear design ABSTRACT Car in the driving process，need to often change the direction of the vehicle，which requires is a can in accordance with the driver will to change or restore a car in the direction of the special institutions，it will be the driver rotates the steering wheel change of the movement in the wheel deflection action，which is the so-called steering system. Steering performance is an important factor to ensure the safety of vehicles，reducing the labor intensity and raise the working efficiency. The steering system is an important part of the car，it has a direct and driving stability of vehicle has important relationship， and the front suspension and wheel relationship is also very close， so to a key link in system design and vehicle design. The design for the design of YG1090 type truck steering system，steering system design mainly includes the choice of the form of steering system，steering gear selection， selection and layout of steering trapezoid. In the design of the mechanical steering system，mechanical steering system is characterized by light weight，compact structure，convenient arrangement，easy maintenance，manipulation of light，good stability，low cost，it is not easy to appear straight line driving serpentine phenomenon. The mechanical steering system also has the advantages of convenient maintenance，easy installation and