尼罗罗非鱼配套系育种群体地遗传背景研究.pdf

遗传分化显著。基于遗传距离的UPGMA 聚类关系树和STRUCTURE 遗传聚类分析均表明：宝路、吉诺玛和新吉富3 个配套系育种群体亲 缘关系较近，它们聚为一大支；4 个参照群体（埃及、美国、吉拉达、 鹭业）和广东群体这5 个群体聚为另一大支。 3. 尼罗罗非鱼配套系育种群体配套效果的初步研究 以遗传背景相同的三个尼罗罗非鱼配套系育种群体 （吉诺玛、吉 富、新吉富）为研究材料，通过完全双列杂交，分析它们在不同生长 时期体重和主要形态性状的杂种优势的变化规律。结果表明：新吉富 （♀）×吉富（♂ ）的杂交子代未表现出明显的平均杂种优势和超亲杂 种优势，且其杂种优势值在四个不同生长时期呈下降趋势，而其它5 个组合均表现出明显的平均杂种优势和超亲杂种优势，其中以新吉富 （♀）×吉诺玛（♂ ）杂交子代的杂种优势最明显，且在四个不同生长 时期呈上升趋势；进一步分析发现吉诺玛群体与其他群体间杂交子代 都可以表现出较好的杂交优势。 关键词：尼罗罗非鱼，配套系，线粒体DNA ，微卫星，杂种优势 III 万方数据 Studies on genetic background of the breeding populations of complete set lines in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) ABSTRACT The Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Perciformes, Cichlidae), is a species of tropical fish native to Africa. This fish is one of the main species of the worlds tilapia aquaculture industry owing to its rapid growth rate, omnivorous and strong disease resistance. In this study, the genetic variation and combining results of complete set lines in Nile tilapia were analyzed to detect the genetic background of them by using molecular genetics and quantitative genetics. Those studies are presented in detail as follows: 1. Genetic variation of mitochondrial DNA from complete set lines and reference populations of Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) In this study, genetic diversity and genetic relationships of 4 complete set lines (GD 、BL 、GNM 、NGF) and 4 reference populations(EGY 、USA 、GLD、LY) of Nile tilapia were examined using partial mitochondrial control region (D-loop) sequence.