具备数据采集和远程控制功能的抽油机.doc

抽油机数字化控制技术 郑飞 张会森 闫苏斌 贾银娟 余洪林 (长庆油田公司培训中心,陕西 西安 710201) 摘要：为了实施数字化管理和节能开采，长庆油田对抽油机进行了自动化、数字化改造。抽油机数字化控制技术将油井监控技术和变频控制技术相结合，通过载荷、位移以及电参数的实时采集与传输，经RTU运算判定抽油机的工作冲次、平衡状态是否最佳，并通过变频器、调平衡电机使抽油机冲次、平衡始终处于最佳状态；站控系统监视抽油机运行状态，对断杆、卡杆及电机缺相等故障实现自动报警，并能实现抽油机远程启停控制。数字化控制技术的成功运用，提高了采油效率，节约了能源，降低了员工的劳动强度，减少了安全隐患。抽油机数字化控制技术是采油作业现场操作从传统的人工方式向自动化、数字化管理的重大变革。 关键词：抽油机；控制技术；节能；数字化管理 文献标识码：A The Digital Control Technology of Oil Pumping Unit Zheng Fei, Zhang Huisen, Yan Subin, Yu Honglin (The Training Centre of Changqing Oilfield Company) Abstract：In order to implement digital management and energy-saving production, Changqing Oilfield has upgraded oil pumping unit into automatic and digital one. Digital control technology of oil pumping unit combines oil well monitoring technology and the variable frequency control technology together, judges through the RTU operations that if oil pumping unit’s working stroke and balance are at their best, by collecting the real-time load, displacement and electric parameter and their transmission, and it makes oil pumping unit’s stroke and balance always at their best though inverter and balanced motor; Station control system monitors pumping unit running, gives an automatic alarm of rods breaking or sticking and motor phase failure, and brings out the remote on/off control of oil pumping unit. Successful application of digital control technology improves production efficiency, saves energy, reduces the labor intensity of employees, and also reduces security risks. Digital control technology of pumping units is an important change of field operations from traditional artificial method into automatic and digital management. Key Words: oil pumping unit; control technique; energy-saving; digital management 0 前言 长庆油田在推进油田数字化管理的过程中，全面推进地面设施的远程管理。通过使用新技术、研发新装备最终实现采油、采气作业的全自动化、智能化、网络化管理。抽油机是采油作业中最主要的地面设备及耗能大户，国内外围绕抽油机的自动化、数字化改造做了大量工作[1，2]。长庆油田机械制造总厂自主研发的数字化抽油机，集油井监控技术和变频控制技术于一体，将数字化管理与节能技术相结合，实现了智能调节冲次、自动调节平衡、油井工况智能诊断与计量及远程启停控制等功能[3,4]。 1 数字化抽油机控制系统组成 （1）传