进境兰花有害生物风险分析与检疫.doc

进境兰花有害生物风险分析与检疫 54 进境兰花有害生物风险分析与检疫 昊大军 (顺德出入境检验检疫局,广东佛山528303) 广东农业科学2011年第18期 摘要:大量资料查询结果显示,有482种有害生物在兰科花卉上危害,根据这些有害生物在中国的分布,输华兰科花卉携带 的可能性和有害生物潜在的经济影响等,按照联合国粮农组织(FAO)国际植物检疫措施标准——有害生物风险分析(PestRisk Analysis,PRA)准则,对进境兰科花卉进行了PRA分析.风险评估结果共筛选出潜在的检疫性有害生物7种,总体风险为中至高. 根据上述有害生物风险评估的结果,提出"禁止输入兰科花卉","从未发生检疫对象的地区引种","从疫情不清的地区有条件输 入兰科花卉"等3种备选的方案.并对每种备选方案的性质,内容,国内外生产贸易影响及可操作性作了具体分析. 关键词:兰科花卉;有害生物;风险分析;检疫防控 中图分类号:$41—30文献标识码:A文章编号:1004—874X(20l1)18—0054—05 Pestriskanalysisandpreventionoftheimportedorchidflower WUDa-jun (ShundeEntry-exitInspectionandQuarantineBureau,Foshan528303,China) Abstract:OrchidaceaefamilyisthelargestandmostdiversefamilyofMagnoliophyta,whichcomprisedofmorethan800generaand 25,000species,whichmostplantsavailableforcultivation.Afteranumberofinquiryfoundthatthereare482speciesofharmful organismsontheorchidflowers.AccordingtothedistributioninChina,possibilityofimportinganpotentialdamage.Accordingtothe InternationalStandardsofFAO-PestRiskAnalysisguidelines,theimportedorchidflowerswereassessed.7speciespestsbelongedtothe medium-highriskwiththeassessment.Accordingtotheresultsofpestriskassessmentsandputforwardthreekindsofalternative programs.AdoptOption1-"toprohibitimportationoforchidflowers",althoughtoachievezerorisk,butalsooninternationaltradeamong orchidflowershaveahugeimpact,andthedomesticcultivationoforchidflowershaveagreatlosses.AdoptOption2-"neverhappened Introductionandquarantineobjects",butduetotheintroductionoforchidflowersinourcountriesandregionsnotoccurredinlinewith themajorityfailedtomeetthe16listedintherequirementsofquarantinepests,SOonceanevertookplaceonlyorchidflowerquarantine pestsofnationalorregionalintroduction,theremaybeasignificantimpactontheproductionandtrade.AdoptOption3一"limitation importationorchidflowersfromtheunclearepidemicareas",thatisbystrengtheningimportationoforchidplantscannotcarryquarantine pests,conductimportriskanalysisoforchidflowers,strictlyexaminationandapprovalsystemanddocumentreview,tostrengthenport— sitequarantineandhandledthe