测绘工程专业英语复习资料.docxVIP

PAGE 1 Unit1 What is Geomatics ? Geomatics :Where does the word Geomatics come from? GEODESY +GEOINFORMATICS = GEOMATICS or GEO- for earth and -MATICS for mathematical or GEO- for Geoscience and -MATICS for informatics .Now the term includes the traditional surveying definition along with surveying steadily increased importance with the development of new technologies and the growing demand for a variety of spatially related types of information, particularly in measuring and monitoring our environment . Geomatics bridges wide arcs from the geosciences through various engineering sciences and computer sciences to spatial planning, land development and the environmental sciences . ISO: the International Standards Organization ( ISO) surveyor :The term “surveyor” is traditionally used to collectively describe those engaged in the above activities . Unit 2 Geodetic Surveying and Plane Surveying Geodetic Surveying : The type of surveying that takes into account the true shape of the earth is called geodetic surveying . This type of survey is suited for large areas and long lines and is used to find the precise location of basic points needed for establishing control for other surveys . In geodetic surveys, the stations are norm ally long distances apart, and more precise instruments and surveying methods are required for this type of surveying than for plane surveying . Geodetic control survey points: Widely spaced , permanent monuments serve as the basis for computing lengths and distances between relative positions . These basic points with permanent monuments are called geodetic control survey points, which support the production of consistent and compatible data for surveying and mapping projects . Plane Surveying : The type of surveying in which the mean surface of the earth is considered a plane, or in which the curvature of the earth can be disregarded without significant error, generally is called plane surveying . The term is used to designate su