真空碳化钙热还原法制备金属锶邹兴武123史永明12王树轩12.docVIP

doi： doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2019.06.012 邹兴武1,2,3，史永明1,2，王树轩1,2，李波1,2，铁祥伟1,2 （1.中国科学院青海盐湖研究所，中国科学院盐湖资源综合高效利用重点实验室，西宁 810008； 2.青海省盐湖资源综合利用工程技术中心，西宁 810008； 3.中国科学院大学，北京 101408） 摘要：对真空碳化钙热还原氧化锶制备金属锶过程进行热力学分析，获得真空条件下还原反应的自由能和还原反应临界温度。并以碳酸锶为原料，采用常压煅烧法获得了氧化锶后与碳化钙、氟化钙混合制团，进行还原反应，考察了还原温度、保温时间、制团压力、碳化钙过量系数等对锶还原率的影响。结果表明，碳化钙真空热还原制备金属锶在一定温度和真空度下能够进行，在真空度为0~100 Pa、碳化钙过量20%、压片压力15 MPa、还原温度1 300 ℃、保温时间3 h的条件下，锶的平均收率可以达到72.8%，金属锶的纯度达到了98%~99%。 关键词：金属锶；真空；碳化钙；氧化锶；热还原 中图分类号：TF803.13 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2019）06-0000-00 Strontium Preparation with Vacuum Calcium Carbide Process ZOU Xing-wu1,2,3, SHI Yong-ming1,2, WANG Shu-xuan1,2, LI Bo1,2 (1. Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, CAS, Xining 810008,China; 2. Qinghai Engineering and Technology Research Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Xining 810008,China; 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China) Abstract：Thermodynamic analysis of preparation of strontium from strontium oxide by vacuum calcium carbide thermal reduction was carried out, and Gibbs free energy and critical temperature were calculated. Metal strontium was prepared by vacuum calcium carbide reduction process with strontium oxide and calcium fluoride as raw material. The effects of reduction temperature, holding time, briquetting pressure, calcium carbide excess coefficient on strontium reduction rate were studied. The results show that strontium with purity of 98%~99% and strontium reduction rate of 72.8% can be achieved under the following optimum conditions including vacuum degree of 0~100 Pa, calcium carbide excess coefficient of 20%, briquetting pressure of 15 MPa, reduction temperature of 1 300 ℃, and holding time of 3 h. Key words：strontium; vacuum; calcium carbide; strontium oxide; thermal reduction 近年来金属锶及其合金的开发利用受到人们的广泛关注[1-2]。在金属冶金中，金属锶主要用作难熔金属、稀土金属、钢和铜的还原剂以及脱氧剂和除杂剂等[3]。在电池材料工业中，添加少量的金属锶到基体材料中可以增加其强度和抗腐蚀性能，从而延长电池材料