圈养林麝春季活动节律及时间分配.pdf

兽类学报,2008,28 (2):194 - 200 Acta Theriologica Sinica 圈养林麝春季活动节律及时间分配 1 1,2 1  1 薛程 孟秀祥 徐宏发 肖宇 (1 华东师范大学生命科学学院, 上海城市化生态过程及恢复生态学重点实验室, 上海 200062 ) (2 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京 100081) 摘要:2006 年春季,使用红外夜间观察记录仪,对崇明东平麝场 12 只成年林麝 (8 雌,4 雄) 的行为进行了 24 h昼夜连续观察。发现春季林麝的行为有 37 种,可归并为休息、摄食、运动、社会、维持和排遗 6 大行为类 型,据此,建构了春季林麝的行为谱。根据各行为持续时间比率和频次分析表明,林麝的主要行为为休息;雌 麝的摄食行为所占的比率高于雄麝,这是由于春季雌麝妊娠的能量需求较高所致。活动节律呈典型的晨昏双峰 型,清晨 (4 :00 ～ 6 :00 ) 和傍晚 (17:00 ～ 19:00 ) 为活动高峰;夜间活动性显著高于白天。 关键词:林麝行为;时间分配;频次;昼夜节律 中图分类号:Q958 1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000 - 1050 (2008 )02 - 0194 - 07 Activity rhythm and behavioral time budgets of the captive forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii )in spring 1 1 ,2 1  1 XUE Cheng ,MENG Xiuxiang ,XU Hongfa ,XIAO Yu (1 School of Life Science ,East China Normal University,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration,Shanghai 200062 ,China) (2 School of Life Science, The Central University for Nationalities,Beijing 100081, China ) Abstract :Twelve captive adult forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) (8 ♀,4 ♂)around 3 - 4 years old were observed from February to March ,2006 in the Dongping Musk Deer Farm of the Chongming Island,Shanghai. For observation,the cinematograph (IKENO/ OK - 203ND )with infrared was used for recording a continuous cycle of 24 hours. Focal sam- pling and all-occurrences recording were used for data sampling of the video recording. A total of 37 different kinds of be- haviors were identified and grouped into six behavioral types accordi