Lecture 4 Fundamental of Field Theory英文学习资料.pdfVIP

Lecture 4 Fundamental of Field Theory Review Q-4.1 Which of the following base vectors are constant unit vector? Explain. ˆ ˆ ˆ ax ( √) aR aq ˆ ˆ ˆ af az ( √) ar Q-4.2 what are metric coefficient? In vector calculus we are often required to perform line, surface, and volume integrals. In each case we need to express the differential length- change corresponding to a differential change in one of the coordinates. However, some of the coordinates, say ui (i =1,2, or 3 ), may not be a length; and a conversion factor is needed to convert a differential change dui into a change in length dli . h1 = h2 = h3 =1 h1 =1, h2 = r , h3 = 1 h1 =1, h2 = R , h3 = R sinq Outline • Scalar field and Vector field • Gradient of a Scalar Field • Divergence of a Vector Field 4.1 Scalar field and Vector field 4.1.1 Definition of field Field is the position function of a scalar or vector. When we define the behavior of a quantity in a given region in terms of a set of values, one for each point in the region, we refer to this behavior of the quantity as a field 5 f (x,y,z ) = 4p [(x -1)2 +(y +2)2 +z2 ] Scalar field Such as temperature, electric potential, elevation   2  2  E (x,y,z ) =a 2xy +a x z +a xyz Vector field x y z S