毕业论文--肺结核患者痰涂片与痰培养联合检测对肺结核诊断的价值.docVIP

毕业论文（设计） 肺结核患者痰涂片与痰培养联合检测对肺结核诊断的价值 PAGE PAGE 4 PAGE PAGE 5 肺结核患者痰涂片与痰培养联合检测对肺结核诊断的价值 摘要：目的 通过分析肺结核患者痰涂片及痰培养的检测结果，探讨痰涂片与痰培养联合检测对提高肺结核初筛检出率的价值。方法 181例怀疑为结核病的初诊患者采集晨痰标本，排除不合格标本27例，剩余合格标本154例。对所采集的标本制作痰涂片和进行痰培养。痰涂片经过抗酸染色后，显微镜观察300视野找结核分枝杆菌。痰培养采用罗氏固体培养基，将涂片结果和培养结果分别与联合检测结果进行比较分析。结果 单独痰涂片阳性检出率为6.49%，单独痰培养阳性检出率为18.18%，联合检测阳性检出率为22.72%。结论 联合检测检出率高于单独检测检出率，因此尽可能对可疑肺结核患者进行痰涂片检查的同时进行痰培养，来提高结核病的检出率。 关键词：结核分枝杆菌;痰涂片;痰培养;检出率 The value of combined detection of sputum smear and sputum culture for diagnosis of tuberculosis in patients with tuberculosis Summary:Objective: To analyze sputum smear and sputum culture test results in patients with suspected tuberculosis, sputum smear and sputum culture to explore the diagnostic value of screening to improve the detection rate of tuberculosis.Methods: 181 cases of newly diagnosed patients with suspected tuberculosis sputum samples collected morning, remove defective specimens of 27 cases, and the remaining 154 specimens qualified. For the production of sputum specimens collected sputum smear and culture. After sputum smear acid-fast staining, microscopy vision to find Mycobacterium tuberculosis 300. Sputum culture using Roche solid medium, the smear and culture results were combined with the test results and comparative analysis.Results: alone sputum smear positive rate 6.49%, alone sputum culture positive rate 18.18%, joint testing positive detection rate 22.72 percent.Conclusion: Combined detection rate in a separate detection rate, so as sputum smear in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis sputum culture at the same time, to improve the detection rate of tuberculosis. Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; sputum smear; sputum culture; detection rate. 结核病是一种由结核分枝杆菌引起的、严重危害人类健康的传染性疾病[1]。随着人民生活水平的提高，卫生状态的改善，我国的肺结核患病率明显降低，但我国某些地区贫困、艾滋病高发等原因，所以仍然是结核病高负担国家，每年登记报告的肺结核患者约90万例，其中约有4～5 万例为初诊涂片阳性肺结核患者[2],目前对于这些肺结核患者的诊断，我国基础实验室用痰涂片检查[3]和痰培养。一些先进实验室通过摄胸部X线或胸部CT’结核抗体’PDD’痰TB-DNA等,通过痰涂片抗酸染色找结核分枝杆菌，结核分枝杆菌俗称结核杆菌，专性需氧，细长略带弯曲，细胞壁脂质