毕业论文--甘蔗赤腐病对甘蔗品质指标的影响.docVIP

甘蔗糖业 Sugarcane and Canesugar ： TITLE 甘蔗赤腐病对甘蔗品质指标的影响 NUMPAGES 甘蔗赤腐病对甘蔗品质指标的影响 摘 要：为了了解粤西甘蔗赤腐病对甘蔗品质指标的影响，对来自不同蔗区的3个品种，按田间自然感染赤腐病的不同级别进行了检糖化验分析。结果表明，赤腐病对甘蔗蔗糖分、纤维分、还原糖、重力纯度等品质指标均有不同程度的影响。各品种品质指标受影响的程度存在一定差异，以ROC22受影响最大，且发病级别越高品质指标受影响越大。ROC22发病最高级与最低级之间的平均蔗糖分、蔗汁还原糖、重力纯度均达差异显著水平，各级别的纤维分之间差异不显著。发病的与对照比平均蔗糖分减少1.86%～16.46%，纤维分下降2.15%～18.72%，重力纯度下降0.31%～7.45%，还原糖上升3.12%～103.57%。研究指出，赤腐病的为害是造成近年来粤西蔗区蔗糖分偏低的一个重要因素。 关键词：甘蔗赤腐病；品质性状；蔗糖分；重力纯度；还原糖；纤维分 Effect of Red Rot Disease on Sugarcane Quality Characters Abstract: To test whether sugarcane red rot disease affects sugarcane quality, sugarcanes infected with this disease were classified and then analyzed on the quality character indexes. The result showed that the sugarcane red rot disease influenced sucrose content, fiber content, reducing sugar and gravity purity. The influence varied with cane variety and ROC 22 seems most liable to be influenced while cane quality decreased with the increasing degree of cane damage. There is significant difference between the highest and the lowest infestation. Compared with the check, cane sucrose content, fiber content and gravity purity in sugarcane juice decrease to about 1.86%~16.46%, 2.15%~18.72%, 0.31%~7.45%, respectively, and the reducing sugar in sugarcane juice increased to about 3.12%~103.57%. The results indicated that sugarcane red rot disease is one of the most important factors leading to the lower sugar content in western Guangdong. Keywords: Red rot; Quality character; Sucrose content; Gravity purity; Reducing sugar; Fiber content 0 引言 甘蔗赤腐病是广泛分布于各甘蔗栽培地区的重要病害之一[1]，是一种真菌性病害，病原菌为Colletotrichum falcatum Went，属半知菌，黑孢盘目，炭疽菌属。蔗种、蔗株病部、土壤及残留茎叶上的病菌是主要初侵染源，病菌孢子可借助雨水、气流、昆虫和机械损伤进行传播，病菌通过螟害孔、生长裂缝等入侵。以为害蔗茎和叶片中脉为主，也侵害叶鞘和宿根蔗头，从苗期直到成株及收获后均可发生。苗期发病后，种苗不能正常萌发，常造成严重缺株。成株期发病，不仅影响正常生长，而且会导致蔗茎腐烂甚至干枯死亡。被害茎早期外表无任何症状，茎纵剖时，可见蔗肉红色，中部夹杂与蔗茎垂直的白色圆形或长形斑块，发出淀粉发酵的酸味。在发病后期，蔗茎萎缩，蔗叶干枯下垂，蔗皮变暗红褐色。感染赤腐病后甘蔗的产量性状和品种性状均受到一定程度影响[2]。赤腐病在国内多个蔗区均有发生，在雷州半岛蔗区也是一种常见的病害[3]。近年来甘蔗赤腐病在粤西蔗区发生[4]，对甘蔗生产造成一定的威胁并有加重的趋势。本研究